Is Co-Infection with Influenza Virus a Protective Factor of COVID-19?

Wang, Ge; Xie, Meng; Ma, Jingdong; Guan, Jia‐Lun; Song, Yang; Wen, Yue; Fang, Dan; Wang, Mu-Ru; Tian, Dean; Li, Peiyuan

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3576904

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, recent studies found fewer coinfections than expected in adults infected with SARS-CoV-2, [16][17][18][19][20] although pediatric patients were found to have a 40% rate of SARS-CoV-2 coinfection with other respiratory viruses. 21 It is also unclear if these coinfections lead to more severe disease, with one study of SARS-CoV-2/influenza coinfections indicating no worse clinical outcome in these patients, 22 another study indicating SARS-CoV-2/influenza coinfections lowered mortality, 23 and a third study suggesting higher mortality for patients with SARS-CoV-2 coinfections. 24 Thus there is a need to understand how SARS-CoV-2 interacts with other respiratory viruses within a host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfections: Could influenza and the common cold be beneficial?

Pinky

Dobrovolny

2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread around the world, causing serious illness and death and creating a heavy burden on the healthcare systems of many countries. Since the virus first emerged in late November 2019, its spread has coincided with peak circulation of several seasonal respiratory viruses, yet some studies have noted limited coinfections between SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. We use a mathematical model of viral coinfection to study SARS-CoV-2 coinfections, finding that SARS-CoV-2 replication is easily suppressed by many common respiratory viruses. According to our model, this suppression is because SARS-CoV-2 has a lower growth rate (1.8 /d) than the other viruses examined in this study. The suppression of SARS-CoV-2 by other pathogens could have implications for the timing and severity of a second wave.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfections: Could influenza and the common cold be beneficial?

Pinky

Dobrovolny

2020

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Data on the severity and clinical course of coinfection are contradictory. Some evidence indicates no worse clinical outcome during coinfection, while others indicate a higher [ 66 ], or even lower [ 67 ], mortality during the coexistence of COVID-19 and seasonal flu. Due to cross-reactivity between flu and COVID-19, it is advocated that influenza vaccination might have more beneficial effects on COVID-19 than measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines [ 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic Strikes during the Flu Season: An Awareness Perspective

et al. 2020

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Coinfection with both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses seems to be a real and severe problem. However, coinfection is far from a simple matter, and cannot be considered having more unfavorable outcomes as a direct consequence. In reality, the aftermath is powerfully nuanced by the presence of risk factors and specific molecular mechanisms. Our objective was to raise awareness around the unpredictable association between COVID-19 pandemics and the upcoming flu season, and make arguments about the need to develop new routine testing protocols for both viruses, at least during the period with an expected high incidence. Our reasoning is built around the various impacts that the whole range of risk groups, common immunological mechanisms, and complex interactions, such as influenza vaccination, will have on patients’ prognosis. We show that the more flawed clinical course is due to managing only one of the infections (and, subsequently, neglecting the other condition).

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“…While COVID-19 remains poorly understood, early studies indicate a potential for increased mortality associated with influenza co-infections 12 . Further studies are required to investigate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 co-infections with prognosis and mortality rate 12 , 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PACIFIC: a lightweight deep-learning classifier of SARS-CoV-2 and co-infecting RNA viruses

Mateos

Balboa

Easteal

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Viral co-infections occur in COVID-19 patients, potentially impacting disease progression and severity. However, there is currently no dedicated method to identify viral co-infections in patient RNA-seq data. We developed PACIFIC, a deep-learning algorithm that accurately detects SARS-CoV-2 and other common RNA respiratory viruses from RNA-seq data. Using in silico data, PACIFIC recovers the presence and relative concentrations of viruses with > 99% precision and recall. PACIFIC accurately detects SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections in 63 independent in vitro cell culture and patient datasets. PACIFIC is an end-to-end tool that enables the systematic monitoring of viral infections in the current global pandemic.

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Is Co-Infection with Influenza Virus a Protective Factor of COVID-19?

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfections: Could influenza and the common cold be beneficial?

SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfections: Could influenza and the common cold be beneficial?

The Second Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic Strikes during the Flu Season: An Awareness Perspective

PACIFIC: a lightweight deep-learning classifier of SARS-CoV-2 and co-infecting RNA viruses

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