Is cerebellar volume related to bipolar disorder?

Baldaçara, Leonardo; Nery-Fernandes, Fabiana; Rocha, Marlos Vasconcelos; Quarantini, Lucas C.; Rocha, Gonçalo; Guimarães, José Augusto Chaves; Araújo, C.; Oliveira, Irismar Reis de; Miranda‐Scippa, Ângela; Jackowski, Andrea Parolin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.059

Cited by 104 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Recent findings suggest a major involvement of cerebellar structures in emotional behaviour, 63 which is mediated by reciprocal connections to structures of the limbic system. 64 Reduced vermal volume has already been reported in patients with bipolar disorder and PTSD, 65,66 suggesting an involvement in the pathology of psychiatric disorders. Schraa-Tam J Psychiatry Neurosci 2013;38(2) and colleagues 67 found prominent activation of the vermis while healthy participants viewed negative facial expressions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Morphometric differences in central stress-regulating structures between women with and without borderline personality disorder

Kuhlmann

Bertsch

Schmidinger

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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IntroductionPsychosocial stress plays an important role in the development and manifestation of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Early life stress and traumatization are risk factors for BPD, and reports of traumatic childhood abuse are frequent in patients with BPD.1 Furthermore, patients with BPD ex peri ence psychosocial daily hassles more intensely than healthy individuals, indicating a reactivity and vulnerability to stress.2 Kuo and Linehan 3 measured higher skin conductance response in patients with BPD, which is positively correlated with stress. Moreover, the acute symptoms of patients with BPD are precipitated by acute stress. They show higher dissoci ative symptom scores than subjective stress ratings in comparison to healthy individuals and patients with major depressive and panic disorders. 4 Furthermore, high dissociation scores in patients with BPD correlate with greater childhood trauma and greater hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity to stress, 5 indicating a link between traumatic childhood experiences, endocrine stress response and acute symptoms. Under subjective stress, patients with BPD display a higher pain threshold, 6 and self-injurious behaviour is used as a means of stress reduction.7 It seems plausible that these stress-related symptoms may be linked to dysregulations in the functioning of the HPA axis, which is crucially involved in the body's response to stress. Correspondingly, patients with BPD show signs of abnormal cortisol reactivity and feedback regulation, indicating disturbed HPA axis functioning, although findings on baseline cortisol, HPA feedback sensitivity and cortisol responses to psychosocial stress in Background: Experiences of early life stress, increased psychological arousal and the body's physiologic stress response seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis and maintenance of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In the present study, we investigated alterations in grey matter of central stress-regulating structures in female patients with BPD. Methods: We examined T 1 -weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans of unmedicated, right-handed female patients with BPD (according to DSM-IV criteria) and healthy controls matched for age, intelligence and education using fully automated DARTEL voxel-based morphometry. Our regions of interest analyses included the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hypothalamus. Results: We enrolled 30 patients and 33 controls in our study. The grey matter of patients with BPD was reduced in the hippocampus, but increased in the hypothalamus compared with healthy participants. Hypothalamic volume correlated positively with the history of traumatization in patients with BPD. No significant alterations were found in the amygdala and ACC. Limitations: This study is limited by the lack of measures of corticotropin-releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol levels. Furthermore, moderate sample size and comorbid disorders need to be considered. Conclusion: Our ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Morphometric differences in central stress-regulating structures between women with and without borderline personality disorder

Kuhlmann

Bertsch

Schmidinger

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…We hypothesized that BD patients would show a reduction in vermis volumes compared to healthy controls, as consistently suggested by previous MRI investigations [13,15,17,22,31]. We also expected gender-related effects in BD patients, based on the evidence reporting that male patients often have an earlier onset and a longer duration of illness, with a major risk of clinical relapses [36] and, consequently, a greater neurodegenerative impact [13,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It plays a central role in neural circuitries related to superior cognitive functions, which are usually disrupted in BD patients [10,11,12]. Interestingly, it has also been suggested that in BD, cerebellar shrinkage correlates with the number of affective episodes [13,14,15] as well as with long duration of illness and age [16,17]. Of the structures forming the cerebellum, the vermis and its subareas (the superior vermis, superior posterior vermis, and inferior posterior vermis), in particular, seem to play a key role in the pathophysiology of BD [14], especially with regard to behavioral and executive alterations [8,18,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Gender-Related Aging Processes Occur Earlier and Faster in the Vermis of Patients with Bipolar Disorder: An MRI Study

et al. 2017

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Background: In the last decades, there has been increasing interest in investigating the role of the vermis in bipolar disorder (BD), especially because of its involvement in cognitive processes. The main aims of this study were to explore the integrity of the vermis and elucidate the role of demographic and clinical variables on vermis volumes in BD patients, stratified according to gender. Methods: T1-weighted images were obtained for 38 BD patients and 38 healthy controls using a 1.5-T MRI scanner. Images were analyzed with a PC workstation with BRAINS2 software on a Linux system. Anatomical regions were traced manually from a blinded operator, with respect to subject identity and other clinical variables. Results: The direct comparison between the 2 groups showed no significant gray matter differences in vermis volumes. Interestingly, vermis volumes were significantly inversely associated with chronological age and age of BD onset, particularly in male subjects. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence of the impact of aging on the vermis in BD, potentially related to earlier and faster gender-related neurodegenerative phenomena occurring during the progression of the disease.

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“…In a study which measured the cerebella of patients with BD, no differences were observed in relation to the cerebellar volume of bipolar patients with or without a history of SA, just as there was no correlation between cerebellar volume and number of SAs 55 .…”

Section: Neuroanatomy and Suicidal Behavior In Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 91%

Comportamento suicida no transtorno afetivo bipolar e características sociodemográficas, clínicas e neuroanatômicas associadas

Nery-Fernandes¹,

Miranda‐Scippa²

2013

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Suicidal behavior in bipolar affective disorder and socio-demographic, clinical and neuroanatomical characteristics associated Abstract Background: Bipolar patients have a higher risk of suicide when compared with the general population and other psychiatric disorders. The aim of this article is to review the social-demographic, clinical and neuroanatomical aspects of suicidal behavior in bipolar patients. Methods: A non-systematic review of literature through PsycoInfo, Lilacs, Medline and PubMed eletronic databases was conducted, using the keywords: "suicide attempt", "suicidal behavior", "suicide", "bipolar disorder", "suicide risk factor", "neuroimaging", and "suicide neurobiology". Results: Several clinical and sociodemographics characteristics have been associated with suicide attempts in bipolar patients, but results are conflicting. Regarding to neuroimaging, the data are rare, and the results are inconsistent, with reports of white matter hyperintensities and changes in structure and function of the prefrontal cortex. Discussion: Given that suicide is a potentially preventable cause of death, the understanding of neurobiological and clinical correlates of suicidal behavior can be useful in reducing rates of attempt suicide in bipolar patients. Nery-Fernandes F, Miranda-Scippa A / Rev Psiq Clín. 2013;40(6):220-4Keywords: Attempt suicide, suicidal behavior, bipolar disorder, suicide risk factor, neuroimaging. ResumoContexto: Pacientes com transtorno bipolar possuem risco maior de suicídio, quando comparados com a população geral e com outros transtornos psiquiátri-cos. Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar os aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos e neuroanatômicos associados ao comportamento suicida em pacientes com transtorno bipolar com história de tentativa de suicídio. Métodos: Revisão não sistemática da literatura, por meio dos indexadores eletrônicos: PsycoInfo, Lilacs, Medline e PubMed, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: "attempt suicide", "suicidal behavior", "suicide", "bipolar disorder", "suicide risk factor", "neuroimaging" e "suicide neurobiology". Resultados: Diversas características sociodemográficas e clínicas têm sido associadas às tentativas de suicídio em pacientes bipolares, porém os resultados são ainda conflitantes. Em relação aos achados de neuroimagem, os dados também são escassos e inconsistentes. Destes, a hiperintensidade periventricular em substância branca e as alterações na estrutura e função do córtex pré-frontal são os mais descritos. Conclusões: Considerando que o suicídio é uma causa potencialmente evitável de morte, a compreensão dos correlatos clínicos e neurobiológicos do comportamento suicida pode ser útil na prevenção desse comportamento. Sendo assim, estudos que avaliem melhor os fatores de risco para o comportamento suicida nessa população são necessários. -Fernandes F, Miranda-Scippa A / Rev Psiq Clín. 2013;40(6):220-4 Palavras-chave: Tentativa de suicídio, comportamento suicida, transtorno bipolar, fator de risco, neuroimagem. Nery

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Is cerebellar volume related to bipolar disorder?

Cited by 104 publications

References 40 publications

Morphometric differences in central stress-regulating structures between women with and without borderline personality disorder

Morphometric differences in central stress-regulating structures between women with and without borderline personality disorder

Potential Gender-Related Aging Processes Occur Earlier and Faster in the Vermis of Patients with Bipolar Disorder: An MRI Study

Comportamento suicida no transtorno afetivo bipolar e características sociodemográficas, clínicas e neuroanatômicas associadas

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