Is body mass index (BMI) or body adiposity index (BAI) a better indicator to estimate body fat and selected cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with intellectual disabilities?

Kantyka

Rosołek

et al. 2022

Biology

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Anthropometric measurements and indices are a simple and inexpensive method to assess normal physical development and quickly identify the risk of diseases. The aim of the study was to verify the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of selected anthropometric indices in a group of women over 40 years. The study included 87 women (group I—40 to 49 years, group II—50 to 59 years, group III—60 to 69 years, and group IV—70 to 79 years). Anthropometric characteristics were measured: body mass (BM), body height (BH), waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC). Body mass index (BMI), body adiposity index (BAI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHTR) were calculated. The percentage of fat tissue (FT) and visceral fat volume (FV) were evaluated using DEXA. A decrease in mean BH with an increase in the mean WC, WHR, and WHTR in subsequent decades. There were strong statistically significant correlations between FT and most indicators (except for WHR). FV was correlated at a strong or moderate level with most parameters. In the group of women aged 40 to 80 years, the most favorable AUC was obtained for WC, followed by BMI. BAI can be recommended as a complementary indicator to BMI.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Sensitivity and Specificity of Anthropometric Indices in Identifying Obesity in Women over 40 Years of Age and Their Variability in Subsequent Decades of Life

Kantyka

Rosołek

et al. 2022

Biology

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“…The body adiposity index (BAI) (BAI = hip circumference[cm]/(body height [m]) − 18) was also computed. BAI is believed to be an objective marker to evaluate body adiposity in both able-bodied and disabled populations [ 15 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However it has been shown that the body adiposity index (BAI) is a more reliable marker, especially for people with disabilities, e.g. amputees [ 15 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculoskeletal pain as the effect of internal compensatory mechanisms on structural and functional changes in body build and posture in elite Polish sitting volleyball players

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

Gaweł

Celebańska

et al. 2022

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Background With the dynamic development of professional Paralympic sport, the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and structural and/or functional disturbances in Para athletes constantly increases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of internal compensatory mechanisms on selected aspects of body structure and function in elite sitting volleyball players. Methods The study included eighteen elite sitting volleyball players (male; n = 12, female; n = 6, age; 36.0 ± 6.1, body mass; 76.6 ± 16.1, body height; 179.3 ± 0.1) from the Polish national team. Retrospective and direct participatory observation methods were used in the study. NMQ-7 was used to assess the current prevalence and location of musculoskeletal pain. The evaluation of spinal curvature and pelvic inclination was performed using a non-invasive Medi Mouse method (Idiag M360) in three different trunk positions. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistica 13.3 software package. Results Lumbar hypolordosis was a predominant sagittal deviation of spinal curvature (n = 15;83%). Low back pain (LBP) and neck pain were the most frequent complaints (50%). Statistically significant differences in the values of thoracic kyphosis angle, pelvic inclination, and spine length (SL) in sagittal standing flexion and extension were found. However, there was no statistically significant difference in sagittal standing flexion for the lumbar lordosis angle with a simultaneous significant change in pelvic inclination (66.9°). Moreover, a tendency to interpenetration of relationships between variables that characterize (a) body structure and (b) function of the spine and musculoskeletal pain were observed. Shoulder pain correlated with SL (R = 0.6; p < 0.05) and body height (R = 0.5; p < 0.05). Pelvic inclination correlated with shoulder pain, LBP (R = 0.5; p < 0.05/R = 0.6; p < 0.01), and body trunk fat mass (R = − 0.6; p < 0.05). Conclusions Trunk fat mass induces internal compensatory mechanisms to maintain optimal pelvic inclination and sagittal spinal balance. Furthermore, the level of pelvic mobility may determine musculoskeletal pain in Para athletes with lower limb impairment.

“…According to the studies by Zwierzchowska et al (2013Zwierzchowska et al ( , 2014Zwierzchowska et al ( , 2020bZwierzchowska et al ( , 2021 the BAI, in contrary to the BMI, seems to be a more reliable marker, especially for people with disabilities. Furthermore, Zwierzchowska et al (2020b) noticed that a higher BAI contributed to the deepening of the lumbar lordosis and LBP, what is consistent with the findings of Mirbagheri et al (2015).…”

Section: Tk -Thoracic Kyphosis; Pv -Physiological Values; Ll -Lumbar ...mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As it was found, an inappropriate level of body fat mass (estimated by the body adiposity index (BAI)) has a negative influence on anteroposterior spinal curvatures, mainly by deepening the lumbar lordosis which contributes to low back pain (LBP) (Zwierzchowska and Tuz, 2018;Zwierzchowska et al, 2020b). To assess the level of fat mass, the body mass index (BMI) is usually used, however, it has been shown that the BAI is a more reliable marker, especially for people with disabilities (Zwierzchowska et al, 2013(Zwierzchowska et al, , 2020b(Zwierzchowska et al, , 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Internal Compensatory Mechanisms on Musculoskeletal Pain in Elite Polish Sitting Volleyball Players – A Preliminary Study

Journal of Human Kinetics

Gaweł

Celebańska

et al. 2022

Self Cite

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of (1) maximal muscular strength of the upper body and (2) fat mass on musculoskeletal pain and sagittal spinal curvature deviations in elite Polish sitting volleyball players. The study examined twelve players (age = 35.4 ± 6.9 years). The assessments were performed based on objective (anthropometric examinations, Medi Mouse, 1RM test) and subjective (NMQ = 7) measurements. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS. The lower back, the upper back and the neck were the most frequent painful areas. Statistical analyses showed a significant relationship between lumbar lordosis (LL) sagittal standing extension (r = 0.62; p = 0.03) and thoracic kyphosis (TK) sagittal standing flexion (r = -0.63; p = 0.28) with the 1RM. Furthermore, correlations between a body adiposity index and TK sagittal standing flexion and extension (r = -0.65; p = 0.05, r = - 0.58; p = 0.0.05) as well as LL sagittal standing flexion (r = 0.61; p = 0.05) were found. The body mass index correlated with wrist pain, whereas a very high relationship was found between pain in the wrists and knee joints. Neck pain positively correlated with TK and LL sagittal standing. Low back pain correlated with LL sagittal standing flexion and TK sagittal standing extension. Fat mass impacts the depth of anteroposterior spinal curvatures, what may cause pain in the neck and the lower back. The 1 RM bench press may influence the prevalence and location of musculoskeletal pain, whereas its values might be predicted by the depth of TK. A lower 1RM in the bench press may impact sagittal spinal curvature deviations. Deepen TK and LL significantly contribute to the prevalence of the neck pain.