Is accommodation a confounder in pupillometry research?

Kooijman, Lars; Dodou, Dimitra; Jansen, Steven; Themans, T.S.; Russell, Jim; Petermeijer, Sebastiaan M.; Doorman, J.R.C.; Hablé, J.H.; Neubert, D.S.; Vos, M.; Winter, Joost de

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108046

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This explanation does not make sense for the small fixational saccades and microsaccades that were analyzed in our study (see the “Saccade detection and rate estimation” section), when depth was virtually identical for different fixation locations. Furthermore, microfluctuations in accommodation during fixation do not predict fluctuations in pupil size ( 60 ), and accommodation changes during task performance are too small to explain the task-evoked pupil response ( 86 ). The function of the saccade-locked pupil response, if there is one, remains unclear ( 47 ); however, its origin is clearer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A unified model of the task-evoked pupil response

2022

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The pupil dilates and reconstricts following task events. It is popular to model this task-evoked pupil response as a linear transformation of event-locked impulses, whose amplitudes are used as estimates of arousal. We show that this model is incorrect and propose an alternative model based on the physiological finding that a common neural input drives saccades and pupil size. The estimates of arousal from our model agreed with key predictions: Arousal scaled with task difficulty and behavioral performance but was invariant to small differences in trial duration. Moreover, the model offers a unified explanation for a wide range of phenomena: entrainment of pupil size and saccades to task timing, modulation of pupil response amplitude and noise with task difficulty, reaction time–dependent modulation of pupil response timing and amplitude, a constrictory pupil response time-locked to saccades, and task-dependent distortion of this saccade-locked pupil response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A unified model of the task-evoked pupil response

2022

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“…In addition, several procedures exist for correcting effects of gaze position on pupil size measurements (Gagl et al, 2011; Hayes & Petrov, 2016). In practice, if gaze shifts are small (less than ~10 degrees) and/or the number of trials large, effects due to parallax are minimal (Kooijman et al, 2021). In nonvisual contexts, on the other hand, large differences in gaze angle due to spontaneous scanning, or prompted by cognitive processing (e.g., raising eyes when thinking, remembering, imagining; Bakan & Shotland, 1969), may be more problematic, requiring monitoring of eye movements and possible correction for eye gaze shifts.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Publication guidelines and recommendations for pupillary measurement in psychophysiological studies

et al. 2022

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A variety of psychological and physical phenomena elicit variations in the diameter of pupil of the eye. Changes in pupil size are mediated by the relative activation of the sphincter pupillae muscle (decrease pupil diameter) and the dilator pupillae muscle (increase pupil diameter), innervated by the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches, respectively, of the autonomic nervous system. The current guidelines are intended to inform and guide psychophysiological research involving pupil measurement by (1) summarizing important aspects concerning the physiology of the pupil, (2) providing methodological and data‐analytic guidelines and recommendations, and (3) briefly reviewing psychological phenomena that modulate pupillary reactivity. Because of the increased ease and tractability of pupil measurement, the goal of these guidelines is to promote accurate recording, analysis, and reporting of pupillary data in psychophysiological research.

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Pupil reactivity

Wardak,

Aguillon-Hernandez

2024

Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology

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Is accommodation a confounder in pupillometry research?

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

A unified model of the task-evoked pupil response

A unified model of the task-evoked pupil response

Publication guidelines and recommendations for pupillary measurement in psychophysiological studies

Pupil reactivity

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