Is a vertebrate a better host for a parasite than an invertebrate host? Fecundity of Proctoeces cf lintoni (Digenea: Fellodistomidae), a parasite of fish and gastropods in northern Chile

Oliva, Marcelo E.; Álvarez, Carlos

doi:10.1007/s00436-011-2489-y

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Oliva & Alvarez (2011) studied the relationship between fecundity, worm size, and abundance of the adult digenean Proctoeces lintoni (Fellodistomidae) in 4 gastropod hosts (Fissurella spp.) and in the clingfish Sicyases sanguineus from northern Chile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the fecundity and body size of digenean (Opecoelidae) species parasitizing fishes from Northern Chile

González

Henríquez

López

2013

Rev. biol. mar. oceanogr.

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Resumen.-La historia de vida y estrategias de reproducción de los parásitos muestran una variabilidad signifi cativa asociada con la identidad de hospedador y con factores ambientales. Este estudio evaluó la influencia de las especies hospedadoras sobre algunos rasgos de historia de vida de digeneos, como el tamaño del cuerpo del parásito (PBL) y la fecundidad, de 3 especies: Helicometra fasciata, Helicometrina nimia y Neoleburia georgenascimentoi. Además, se usaron marcadores moleculares (región V4 del gen 18S y CO-I)para confirmar la identidad específica de las especies parásitas en los diferentes hospedadores. Desde enero 2010 hasta junio 2012, 305 peces pertenecientes a Paralabrax humeralis, Acanthistius pictus, Labrisomus philippii, Prolatilus jugularis y Pinguipes chilensis fueron capturados, por medio de buceo, desde la costa norte de Chile (24°S). En el laboratorio, los peces se midieron y se recolectaron todos sus parásitos. A cada parásito objetivo se le midió la longitud total y el ancho del cuerpo y todos sus huevos extraídos del útero se contabilizaron. Se utilizaron modelos lineales generalizados (GLM) para identificar los factores que afectan la fecundidad de los digeneos. La fecundidad de H. nimia fue mayor en A. pictus y menor en L. philippii; la fecundidad de H. fasciata fue mayor en P. humeralis y menor en L. philippii y la fecundidad de N. georgenascimentoi fue mayor en P. chilensis. GLM mostraron que la fecundidad es afectada por el PBL y por la especie hospedadora. Las variaciones en PBL y fecundidad están aparentemente asociados con el tamaño de las especies hospedadoras: los parásitos más grandes (y con mayor fecundidad) se registraron en las especies de peces con mayores tamaños corporales (P. humeralis; A. pictus y P. chilensis). No obstante, los análisis moleculares mostraron que H. nimia presente en L. philippii difiere a las encontradas en A. pictus y P. humeralis, mientras que N. georgenascimentoi presente en P. jugularis es distinta a la encontrada en P. chilensis; por lo tanto, la identidad específica de los digeneos podría explicar la diferencia en su fecundidad entre especies de hospedadores.Palabras clave: Helicometra, Helicometrina, Neoleburia, Serranidae, Labrisomidae, Pinguipidae, ADNmAbstract.-Parasite life history and reproductive strategies show considerable variability associated with host identity and/or environmental factors. In this study, we measured parasite body length (PBL) and fecundity of 3 digenean species: Helicometra fasciata, Helicometrina nimia and Neoleburia georgenascimentoi, in their different host species, to evaluate the host influence on these biological traits. Additionally, parasite identifications were confirmed using molecular markers (V4 region of 18S and CO-I genes). From January 2010 to June 2012, 305 fish belonging to Paralabrax humeralis, Acanthistius pictus; Labrisomus philippii; Prolatilus jugularis and Pinguipes chilensis were captured, by diving, off the northern Chilean coast (24°S). In the laboratory, fish were measured and all their pa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the fecundity and body size of digenean (Opecoelidae) species parasitizing fishes from Northern Chile

González

Henríquez

López

2013

Rev. biol. mar. oceanogr.

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“…In P. gastrophilus , a larger body size was correlated with both a higher number of eggs in utero and larger eggs, similarly as in other digeneans, e.g. [ 67 , 68 ]. Also, individuals of P. gastrophilus were able to mature and reproduce in both dolphin hosts, but worms were significantly larger in striped dolphins and also harboured larger eggs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Life-history trade-offs in a generalist digenean from cetaceans: the role of host specificity and environmental factors

et al. 2015

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BackgroundAdults and larvae of generalist parasites are exposed to diverse hosts and local environmental conditions throughout their life cycles, thus local adaptation is expected to occur through phenotypic plasticity and/or natural selection. We investigated how the combined effect of cryptic host specificity and local selective pressures could shape reproductive traits of a putative generalist parasite in the oceanic realm.MethodsThe LSU rDNA, ITS2 and the mt-COI of individuals of the digenean Pholeter gastrophilus (Kossack, 1910) Odhner, 1914 (Heterophyidae Leiper, 1909) from oceanic striped dolphins, Stenella coeruleoalba Meyen, and coastal bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus Montagu, in the western Mediterranean were used to elucidate whether worms were conspecific. Infection parameters were compared between both dolphin species. General Linear Mixed Models were used to analyse the influence of host species on four reproductive traits of P. gastrophilus: body size, maturity stage (non-gravid/gravid), egg size, and number of eggs in utero. AIC values were used to rank competing models, and p-values to assess the effect of specific predictors.ResultsEvidence indicated that worms collected from both dolphin species were conspecific. All worms collected were gravid and infection parameters did not differ between dolphin species. However, body size and egg size of individuals of P. gastrophilus were significantly larger in striped dolphins. The number of eggs in utero did not significantly differ between dolphin species but, for a given body size, worms in bottlenose dolphins harboured more eggs. A trade-off between egg size and egg number was found in worms from both dolphin species, with a higher slope in striped dolphins.ConclusionsApparently, striped dolphin is a more suitable host for P. gastrophilus, but reproductive investment seems to be adapted to the habitat where the life-cycle develops. Worms from striped dolphins likely face the problem of finding intermediate hosts in the oceanic realm and apparently invest into offspring size to enhance the early survival of larvae and the potential to multiply asexually within the first intermediate host. The small-sized worms from bottlenose dolphins would be adapted to reproduce early because of higher adult mortality, generating smaller and numerous eggs in a coastal habitat where chances of transmission are presumably higher.

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“…Consistently, it has been proposed that P. humboldti metacercariae would abbreviate their life cycle through progenesis, developing precociously into an adult due to the low probability of consumption by the definitive host (Oliva and Huaquıń, 2000;Balboa et al, 2001;Aldana, 2007;Oliva and A ́lvarez, 2011). However, regardless of transmission opportunities, the long residence time of P. humboldti in Fissurella (George-Nascimento et al, 1998;Balboa et al, 2001;Aldana, 2007), would promote precocious maturity and egg production by the parasite in response to some internal developmental clock (Poulin & Cribb, 2002;Lagrue and Poulin, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Infected limpets are subsequently ingested by the definitive host, the clingfish Syciases sanguineus, where the parasite reaches sexual maturity. In Fissurella species in general and in F. crassa in particular, the non-encysted metacercaria of P. humboldti is only found in the gonad, and is considered a progenetic metacercariae with precocious development that would facilitate the transmission of the parasite in intertidal conditions where the probability of consumption by S. sanguineus is low (Oliva and Huaquıń, 2000;Balboa et al, 2001;Aldana, 2007;Oliva and A ́lvarez, 2011;Valdivia et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-parasite dialogue: fecundity compensation mechanisms of Fissurella crassa

García-Huidobro,

Reyes,

Fuentes

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Parasites can alter the reproductive performance of their hosts, and to avoid or mitigate the resulting fitness loss, hosts may increase their current reproductive output to compensate for the future loss due to the parasitic infection. Fecundity compensation can be exploited by parasites for their own transmission (exploitation of host compensatory responses by parasites). However, this phenomenon has rarely been reported in second intermediate hosts of trematodes and its mechanisms and consequences largely unexplored. Along the east coast of the South Pacific, the second intermediate host, the mollusk Fissurella crassa, has been observed to display higher muscular foot, greater shell length and weight, and a higher gonadosomatic index when parasitized by metacercariaes of Proctoeces humboldti compared to non-parasitized hosts. In this study, we examined the histology, biochemistry (glucose, lipids, and proteins), and levels of sex hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in both parasitized and non-parasitized female individuals of F. crassa. Our findings revealed that the gonad of parasitized limpets had a higher density of oocytes, but these had a smaller individual area. Additionally, the gonadal tissue of parasitized limpets exhibited lower glucose content but higher lipid content. Notably, the levels of progesterone increased with parasite intensity. These results suggest that F. crassa possesses the ability to compensate for the negative effects of parasites by increasing the number of oocytes through biochemical and hormonal mechanisms. Our study contributes to the limited research on the impact of metacercariae on the reproduction of second intermediate hosts. Furthermore, we discuss how these changes in parasitized limpets could benefit parasite transmission.

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Is a vertebrate a better host for a parasite than an invertebrate host? Fecundity of Proctoeces cf lintoni (Digenea: Fellodistomidae), a parasite of fish and gastropods in northern Chile

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Variations in the fecundity and body size of digenean (Opecoelidae) species parasitizing fishes from Northern Chile

Variations in the fecundity and body size of digenean (Opecoelidae) species parasitizing fishes from Northern Chile

Life-history trade-offs in a generalist digenean from cetaceans: the role of host specificity and environmental factors

Host-parasite dialogue: fecundity compensation mechanisms of Fissurella crassa

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