Is a Retention Time After the Instillation of Anesthetic Lubricant Necessary When Performing Male Flexible Cystoscopy?

Abstract

There is no benefit in waiting a short time after the administration of intraurethral lubrication with a local anesthetic in flexible cystoscopy in men. There is also no relationship between the patient age or the type of cystoscopist (urologist/resident doctor) and perceived pain.

Several interventions to alleviate pain in male patients undergoing office-based flexible cystoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Overall, 717 records were initially identified, and fourteen RCTs [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] were included in the final analysis. Our study enrolled 1684 male patients who were from the United Kingdom, China, Canada, New Zealand, Spain, USA, Netherlands, Turkey, or South Korea.…”

“…Moreover, the two reviewers independently assessed the level of evidence of the included articles using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine criteria [12]. The strength of evidence was graded from level 1 (strongest) The RoB summary of the fourteen RCTs [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] is shown in Fig. 2.…”

“…The effect of the time interval between application of local anesthetics and FC insertion on patient discomfort remains controversial. Three trials [16][17][18] containing a total of 392 male patients evaluated the pain with immediate versus delayed FC after the administration of local anesthetics. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in pain perception between the immediate or delayed insertion groups treated with the same local anesthetic (SMD: −0.19; 95% CI: −0.39 to 0.01; Fig.…”

Does office-based flexible cystoscopy provide better pain perception than rigid cystoscopy: a systematic review and meta- analysis

“…Figure 2 showed the RoB summary of the four studies (5)(6)(7)(8). Overall, included studies had a low risk of selection bias, attrition bias and reporting bias.…”

“…Currently, researchers have conducted many trials to seek potentially adjuvant therapy to alleviate patient pain during cystoscopy, especially for male patients. The proposed nonpharmacological methods included increasing irrigation pressure (3)(4)(5), delaying the instillation time of topical anesthetics in the urethra (6)(7)(8), allowing patients to watch the procedure process (9)(10)(11), listening to music (12,13), hand-holding (14), urinating during FC (15), and virtual reality distraction (16). All these interventions are practical, inexpensive, and harmless.…”