Is 6-Shogaol an Effective Phytochemical for Patients With Lower-risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome? A Narrative Review

Ooi, Soo Liang; Campbell, Ron; Pak, Sok Cheon; Golombick, Terry; Manoharan, A.; Ramakrishna, Raj; Badmaev, Vladimir; Schloss, Janet

doi:10.1177/15347354211065038

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Furthermore, a clinical study conducted in humans has reported that the maximum recommended dose for dried ginger extract is 2.5 g/day. As the dried ginger extract contains approximately 1% to 4% of shogaols [39], the dose used in our experiments (i.e., 1 and 10 mg/kg) should cause no serious side effects in treated mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[6]-Shogaol Attenuates Oxaliplatin-Induced Allodynia through Serotonergic Receptors and GABA in the Spinal Cord in Mice

et al. 2022

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Although oxaliplatin is a well-known anti-cancer agent used for the treatment of colorectal cancer, treated patients often experience acute cold and mechanical allodynia as side effects. Unfortunately, no optimal treatment has been developed yet. In this study, [6]-shogaol (10 mg/kg, i.p.), which is one of the major bioactive components of Zingiber officinale roscoe (Z. officinale), significantly alleviated allodynia induced by oxaliplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. Cold and mechanical allodynia were assessed by acetone drop and von Frey filament tests, respectively. The analgesic effect of [6]-shogaol was blocked by the intrathecal injection of 5-HT1A, 5-HT3, and GABAB receptor antagonists, NAN-190 (1 μg), MDL-72222 (15 μg), and CGP 55845 (10 μg), respectively. Furthermore, oxaliplatin injection lowered the GABA concentration in the superficial laminae of the spinal dorsal horn, whereas [6]-shogaol injection significantly elevated it. The GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) 65 concentration also increased after [6]-shogaol administration. However, pre-treatment of NAN-190 completely inhibited the increased GABA induced by [6]-shogaol in the spinal dorsal horn, whereas MDL-72222 partially blocked the effect. Altogether, these results suggest that [6]-shogaol could attenuate oxaliplatin-induced cold and mechanical allodynia through 5-HT1A and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists located in the GABAergic neurons in the spinal dorsal horn in mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[6]-Shogaol Attenuates Oxaliplatin-Induced Allodynia through Serotonergic Receptors and GABA in the Spinal Cord in Mice

et al. 2022

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“…The rising CRP levels indicate systemic inflammation and can blunt the erythropoiesis stimulation response in AI, especially in chronic kidney disease [ 145 ]. The bioactive compounds in ginger, such as 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol and 6-paradol, are known to possess broad anti-inflammatory properties that can block the activation of NF-

by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines [ 145 , 158 ].…”

Section: Ginger and Idamentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-Rich Ginger (Zingiber officinale) for Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Other Clinical Entities Associated with Altered Iron Metabolism

Ooi

Pak

Campbell³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is rich in natural polyphenols and may potentially complement oral iron therapy in treating and preventing iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). This narrative review explores the benefits of ginger for IDA and other clinical entities associated with altered iron metabolism. Through in vivo, in vitro, and limited human studies, ginger supplementation was shown to enhance iron absorption and thus increase oral iron therapy’s efficacy. It also reduces oxidative stress and inflammation and thus protects against excess free iron. Ginger’s bioactive polyphenols are prebiotics to the gut microbiota, promoting gut health and reducing the unwanted side effects of iron tablets. Moreover, ginger polyphenols can enhance the effectiveness of erythropoiesis. In the case of iron overload due to comorbidities from chronic inflammatory disorders, ginger can potentially reverse the adverse impacts and restore iron balance. Ginger can also be used to synthesise nanoparticles sustainably to develop newer and more effective oral iron products and functional ingredients for IDA treatment and prevention. Further research is still needed to explore the applications of ginger polyphenols in iron balance and anaemic conditions. Specifically, long-term, well-designed, controlled trials are required to validate the effectiveness of ginger as an adjuvant treatment for IDA.

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“…Ginger is a well-known plant valued for its rhizomes, used as food, seasoning, and traditional medicine. One of the scientific reasons that can form the basis for the combination of the two herbs is the content of their compounds, which have been shown to have antioxidant properties, namely gingerol and shogaol in ginger, as well as the pigment in angkak (Basuny & Abdel-Raheam, 2020;Ooi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic optimization of angkak – red ginger extraction and its impact on antioxidant activity

Missy,

Fahrurroji,

Nugraha

et al. 2024

teknosains

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A mixture of angkak and red ginger is a Chinese herbal concoction with potential as an antioxidant. This herbal combination can be extracted using the kinetic hot maceration method by optimizing the stirring speed to be more efficient. Previous studies have shown that using 400, 600, and 800 rpm stirring speeds provides the best IC50 and yield. Based on these problems, this research aims to determine the effect of increasing stirring speed on IC50 and % yield in the extraction of angkak and red ginger, as well as prove the benefits of this herbal combination through the IC50 value. The method used is extracting a mixture of angkak and red ginger at kinetic variations of 400, 600, and 800 rpm using a magnetic hotplate stirrer at a temperature of 60ºC for 2 hours; determination of % yield; determining the chromatogram profile using TLC; determination of antioxidant activity using DPPH; as well as data analysis of percentage yield and IC50 using SPSS. Analysis using SPSS shows that the stirring speed significantly affects the % yield, where increasing the moving speed above 400 rpm results in a decrease in the % yield. However, the moving speed does not affect the IC50. The TLC chromatogram profile shows the presence of 6-gingerol compounds in angkak and red and yellow pigment compounds in red ginger, which have potential as antioxidants. The optimization results in this study obtained optimal % yield and IC50 at 400 rpm with average values, respectively, namely 15.933 ± 3.4771% and 103.76 ± 10.032 ppm, and the combination of angkak and red ginger ingredients can work synergistically to increase yield and antioxidant.

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Is 6-Shogaol an Effective Phytochemical for Patients With Lower-risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome? A Narrative Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 96 publications

[6]-Shogaol Attenuates Oxaliplatin-Induced Allodynia through Serotonergic Receptors and GABA in the Spinal Cord in Mice

[6]-Shogaol Attenuates Oxaliplatin-Induced Allodynia through Serotonergic Receptors and GABA in the Spinal Cord in Mice

Polyphenol-Rich Ginger (Zingiber officinale) for Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Other Clinical Entities Associated with Altered Iron Metabolism

Kinetic optimization of angkak – red ginger extraction and its impact on antioxidant activity

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