Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Bains, Sonia N.; Nash, Pembroke; Fonacier, Luz

doi:10.1007/s12016-018-8713-0

Cited by 129 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…3,4 The complex aetiology of HE includes both environmental and endogenous factors. 1,5 In the pathogenesis of HE, an impaired epidermal barrier is fundamental, 6 caused by irritant or allergic exposure, 7,8 previous or current atopic dermatitis (AD), 9 and down-regulation of structural barrier proteins such as filaggrin. 6,10,11 However, regardless of the aetiology, chronic HE is often the end-stage and possible maintenance factors are still to be clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in patients with hand eczema: Prevalence and association with severity, atopic dermatitis, subtype and nasal colonization

et al. 2020

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Background: While Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization has been thoroughly studied in atopic dermatitis (AD), where S. aureus is related to flares and considered a trigger factor, S. aureus colonization in hand eczema (HE) has only been sparsely studied. Objectives: To examine the 1-week prevalence of S. aureus colonization in HE patients, and its association with severity, HE subtype, AD, and nasal S. aureus colonization compared with healthy controls. Methods: In a case-control study of 50 adult HE patients and 50 healthy controls, bacterial swabs from lesional skin (patients only), non-lesional skin (dorsal hand), and the nasal cavity were sampled for culturing of S. aureus on days 1, 3, 5 and 8. Participants were characterized by demographics, AD, HE subtype, filaggrin gene mutation status, and HE severity. Results: Twenty-seven HE patients (54%) were colonized with S. aureus on the hand compared to one control (2%) (P < .01). Nasal S. aureus colonization was found in 72% of patients and 22% of controls (P < .01). For patients, S. aureus colonization on the hands was associated with an atopic HE subtype and HE severity (P = .01 and P < .01, respectively). Conclusions: Both hand and nasal S. aureus colonization were highly prevalent among HE-patients and may have an impact on the persistence of HE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in patients with hand eczema: Prevalence and association with severity, atopic dermatitis, subtype and nasal colonization

et al. 2020

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“…The frequency of direct skin contact with any irritant agent including soap and water determines the degree of skin barrier disruption 23 . The correlation between the frequency of handwashing and risk of hand eczema has previously been established 24,25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased occurrence of hand eczema in young children following the Danish hand hygiene recommendations during the COVID‐19 pandemic

et al. 2020

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Background During the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic of Spring 2020, Denmark was one of the first countries to introduce lockdown measures, including closing of all daycare centers. Following the reopening of daycare centers, Danish Health Authorities implemented a mandatory intensive hand hygiene regimen. Objectives To examine the occurrence and point prevalence of hand eczema as a consequence of more intensive hand hygiene among Danish children attending daycare. Methods The heads of 1667 daycare centers in Denmark were contacted and asked to forward a link to a questionnaire to parents of the children attending the daycare center. Results Among 6858 children, 12.1% had hand eczema before reopening of daycare centers, whereas 38.3% reported hand eczema after the children returned to daycare. Of the children who never had hand eczema, 28.6% developed hand eczema after returning to daycare. The risk of hand eczema was significantly associated with atopic dermatitis, female gender, higher age, and frequency of handwashing. Conclusion Following the implemented hygiene regimen, a high proportion of young children rapidly developed hand eczema. Well‐established prophylactic skin care might have spared a proportion of the children from developing hand eczema.

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“…In the first instance, we could not discriminate whether allergic contact dermatitis or AD was induced by epicutaneous exposure to CMIT/MIT. Allergic contact dermatitis and AD potentially share common cellular mechanisms and it is difficult to distinguish between them in terms of a clinical diagnosis 53,54 . However, we used a previously established AD mouse model that presents with the classically characterized features of human AD i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) on Th2/Th17-related immune modulation in an atopic dermatitis mouse model

Lee

Cho

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Exposure to chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) has been associated with allergic contact dermatitis and occupational asthma. Despite this association however, no study has investigated the effects of CMIT/MIT exposure on the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). This study was conducted to investigate the influence of epicutaneous exposure to CMIT/MIT on AD in a mouse model and the underlying biological mechanisms. BALB/C mice were exposed to CMIT/MIT for 3 weeks and AD was developed using ovalbumin (OVA) epidermal sensitization. CMIT/MIT epicutaneous exposure in normal mice significantly enhanced AD-like phenotypes (e.g., transepidermal water loss, clinical score, total serum immunoglobulin E level and infiltration of inflammatory cells). In addition, CMIT/MIT exposure significantly augmented the mRNA expression level of T helper (Th) 2-related cytokines (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-13), Th2 chemokine (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17) and the population of CD4 + IL-4 + cells in the skin. Moreover, mice exposed to CMIT/ MIT in the OVA challenge had greater AD-like phenotypes, higher IL-4 and IL-17A skin mRNA expression levels, and a larger population of CD4 + IL-4 + -and IL-17A + -producing cells in the skin-draining lymph nodes. Our current findings in a mouse model thus suggest that CMIT/MIT exposure may cause AD symptoms through the dysregulation of Th2/Th17-related immune responses.

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Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Cited by 129 publications

References 38 publications

Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in patients with hand eczema: Prevalence and association with severity, atopic dermatitis, subtype and nasal colonization

Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in patients with hand eczema: Prevalence and association with severity, atopic dermatitis, subtype and nasal colonization

Increased occurrence of hand eczema in young children following the Danish hand hygiene recommendations during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Effects of chloromethylisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (CMIT/MIT) on Th2/Th17-related immune modulation in an atopic dermatitis mouse model

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