Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Female Sexual Dysfunction

Cigna, Sarah T

doi:10.1002/9781119482598.ch39

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In 2019, pre-COVID, 61% of Americans over the age of 18 years were lonely. 1 While most loneliness research focuses on older adults, loneliness is not restricted to one stage of life. In comparison to the roughly 50% of adults over the age of 80 years who experience loneliness, the proportion of adolescents and young adults who experience loneliness reaches 71%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loneliness prevention and the role of the Public Health system

Crowe

Liu

Bagnarol

et al. 2022

Perspect Public Health

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Aims: To evaluate evidence on loneliness interventions that have been assessed and found effective, both for remediation and addressing fundamental causes of loneliness; to consider why population-level primary prevention strategies targeting fundamental causes are necessary, and determine areas for future research; and to outline an integrated approach to prevention considering roles for the Public Health system. Method: We conducted a review of systematic reviews to identify effective loneliness interventions and classified them in our Population-Prevention Matrix according to public health impact, amount of individual effort required, and level of prevention. We also highlighted emerging interventions that have yet to be formally evaluated. Results: We identified a range of preventive or therapeutic approaches, and a dearth of population-level primary prevention interventions targeting fundamental causes of loneliness. Filling this gap will be essential in addressing the loneliness epidemic, and we provided emerging examples of population-level primary prevention interventions that may inform future efforts. Conclusion: Based on evidence to date, we suggest an integrated approach to prevention with significant roles for the US Public Health system, including its function as Chief Health Strategist to lead and guide multisystem approaches to loneliness prevention, with a particular focus on population-level primary prevention strategies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loneliness prevention and the role of the Public Health system

Crowe

Liu

Bagnarol

et al. 2022

Perspect Public Health

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“…Studies in this area have primarily focused on older adults as they were believed to be the age group most vulnerable to the negative effects of loneliness, and most likely to present with related CVD issues 13,15 . However, more recent research shows loneliness to be equally pervasive in younger adults (< 35 years old) [18][19][20][21] . Primary and secondary CVD prevention (e.g., individual lifestyle changes, early diagnosis) have been identified as necessary steps to help relieve the disease burden on individuals and the healthcare system 22,23 .…”

Section: Investigating the Relationship Between Early Cardiovascular ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the relationship between early cardiovascular disease markers and loneliness in young adults

Vasan,

Lim,

Eikelis

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Loneliness is recognised as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease development. However, it is unclear whether loneliness itself or other closely related mental health symptoms, such as depression and social anxiety, are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we examined the relationship between loneliness and several early cardiovascular disease markers in young adults, after controlling for depression and social anxiety. Sixty-six young adults (18–35 years old, Mage = 22.70; 75.8% females) completed psychological questionnaires and took part in several physiological tests assessing cardiovascular health (e.g., vascular function). Results revealed higher loneliness was significantly associated with shorter pulse transit time (β = − 0.70, p = 0.002; shorter pulse transit time is a subclinical marker for arterial stiffness). Additionally, results show that while loneliness and depression were both related to vascular dysfunction in young adults, the underlining physiological mechanisms through which they affect vascular function may be different. Specifically, higher loneliness was associated with increased arterial stiffness, whereas depression was associated with increased endothelial dysfunction (β = − 0.43, p = 0.04). Our findings indicate that presence of loneliness and depression in young adults may be accompanied by early indicators of poor cardiovascular health, such as arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. Results from the study further support the link between loneliness and cardiovascular disease development.

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“…Despite the benefits of social connection for mental and physical health (for a review, see Hostinar, 2015), many adolescents and adults receive inadequate levels of social and emotional support according to nationally representative surveys in the United States (American Psychological Association, 2018;Cigna, 2020). A deeper understanding of barriers that impede social connections could spark significant progress toward developing interventions that reduce rates of loneliness.…”

Section: T H Eor Et Ica L Mode Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly concerning because adolescent socioemotional development has long-term implications for adult mental health (Berg et al, 2017). Loneliness in adolescence can continue into adulthood, with 52% of U.S. adults in a national study reporting feeling lonely sometimes or always (Cigna, 2020). Thus, it is critical to understand the processes underlying the escalating levels of loneliness during adolescence to prevent lasting dysfunction in adulthood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Understanding the development of chronic loneliness in youth

Hang,

Jost,

Guyer

et al. 2023

Child Dev Perspectives

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Loneliness becomes more prevalent as youth transition from childhood into adolescence. A key underlying process may be the puberty‐related increase in biological stress reactivity, which can alter social behavior and elicit conflict or social withdrawal (fight‐or‐flight behaviors) in some youth, but increase prosocial (tend‐and‐befriend) responses in others. In this article, we propose an integrative theoretical model that identifies the social, personality, and biological characteristics underlying individual differences in social–behavioral responses to stress. This model posits a vicious cycle whereby youth who respond to stress with fight‐or‐flight tendencies develop increasing and chronic levels of loneliness across adolescence, whereas youth who display tend‐and‐befriend behaviors may be buffered from these consequences. Based on research supporting this model, we propose multiple avenues for intervention to curtail the prevalence of loneliness in adolescence by targeting key factors involved in its development: social relationships, personality, and stress‐induced behavioral and biological changes.

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Female Sexual Dysfunction

Cited by 4 publications

References 55 publications

Loneliness prevention and the role of the Public Health system

Loneliness prevention and the role of the Public Health system

Investigating the relationship between early cardiovascular disease markers and loneliness in young adults

Understanding the development of chronic loneliness in youth

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