Irrigation, nitrogen and gypsum effects on specific gravity and internal defects of Atlantic potatoes

Silva, G. H.; Chase, R. W.; Hammerschmidt, Raymond; Vitosh, M. L.; Kitchen, R. B.

doi:10.1007/bf02853806

Cited by 32 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There are conflicting reports on the effect of N doses on crisps colour and reducing sugars. Silva et al (1991), Kumar et al (2002) and Long et al (2004) did not observe any adverse effect of N doses on crisps colour and reducing sugars. Results obtained in the present study are consistent with these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Growth, Yield, Economics and Crisps Quality of Indian Potato Processing Cultivars

et al. 2007

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A field study was conducted during 2000-2001 and 2001-2002 at the Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Modipuram, India, in order to increasing the processing-grade tuber yield of India's first ever developed processing potato cultivars, Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri Chipsona-2. Tuber yield and post-harvest quality characteristics were evaluated in response to five N levels (0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 kg N ha -1 ). The crop growth traits (stem number, plant height and compound leaf number) responded positively to N application, whereas the effect of N fertilization on processing-grade tuber number, total tuber number per ha and tuber number per plant was quadratic. There was a steady increase in tuber weight per plant, processing-grade tuber yield, total tuber yield and biomass yield in response to N application. Kufri Chipsona-1 produced a 23.6% higher tuber yield per plant than Kufri Chipsona-2. Agronomic N use efficiency decreased linearly with increased N doses. Specific gravity and tuber dry matter percentage responded positively to N application, while crisps colour (at harvest and after storage) and reducing sugars remained unaffected. Cultivar was the major factor that influenced the tuber quality parameters (specific gravity, crisps colour). Higher values of these quality traits were observed in Kufri Chipsona-2 as compared to Kufri Chipsona-1. Net income and benefit cost ratio (B:C) indicated that Chipsona cultivars should be fertilized with 270 kg N ha -1 for realizing higher processing-grade yields and desirable quality tubers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Growth, Yield, Economics and Crisps Quality of Indian Potato Processing Cultivars

et al. 2007

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“…In contrast to the results of Tzeng et al (1986), increased Ca supplementation had no effect on tuber peel Ca and an inconsistent effect on medullary Ca, though strangely, it did have an effect on IHN incidence. Silva et al (1991) suggested that lower tuber peel Ca levels were associated with an increase in IHN incidence. However, their experiments showed that supplementation with gypsum (CaSO 4 ) as a source of Ca was not an effective means of increasing tuber Ca, at least at their Michigan test site, leading them to hypothesize that environmental conditions played a more important role in Ca uptake than Ca levels in the soil.…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Results showed that increasing the rate of Ca application did result in increased tuber peel Ca concentration, and this was negatively correlated with the incidence of IHN (r=−0.754 over two seasons). Silva et al (1991), Sterrett and Henninger (1991), and Clough (1994) also studied the effects of Ca fertilization on IHN in field plots, using Atlantic as a test cultivar. Sterrett and Henninger (1991) found that the more susceptible cultivars generally had lower tuber Ca levels, with the correlation between tuber Ca (minus peel) and IHN being similar to that of Tzeng et al (1986) (r=−0.785).…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 98%

Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

et al. 2008

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Non-pathogenic necroses of potato tubers have been described in the literature since the early 20th century using different names including internal rust spot, internal browning, physiological internal necrosis, internal brown fleck, chocolate spot, internal brown spot and internal heat necrosis. These reports very likely describe either the same, or a collection of similar disorders, falling under the general umbrella of "internal necrosis", with the expression of symptoms being significantly altered via genotype by environment interactions. A number of widely-grown cultivars (e.g. 'Russet Burbank', 'Atlantic' and 'Yukon Gold') are susceptible to internal necrosis, making it an economically significant problem. In Atlantic, this syndrome has been termed internal heat necrosis (IHN) in the eastern United States by several investigators because heat and drought are believed to be important triggers of this condition. Investigators in the midwestern and western United States term this same or similar disorder internal brown spot (IBS). IHN and IBS are an internal physiological disorder of potato characterized by brownish red necrotic patches of parenchymal tissue that typically, though not always, occur along and/or inside the vascular ring. Several reports indicate that IHN is most commonly associated with the vascular ring tissue near the apical end of the tuber, but IHN may form anywhere in the tuber. In many cases, it is very difficult to distinguish between IHN and IBS, and several overlapping environmental factors are associated with each of these disorders. High day and night temperatures early in the growing season, combined with low rainfall, have been shown to increase the frequency and severity of IHN and IBS in several cultivars. Considerable research has examined the role of calcium in ameliorating IHN and IBS expression. Much of this work suggests an important role for calcium in the development of IHN, but other biotic and abiotic factors undoubtedly affect IHN and IBS expression. The biochemistry and genetics behind internal necroses of potato have historically been the leastresearched facets of this problem. Research has shown that enzymes involved in protecting cells from oxidative damage may be involved, and heritability studies have demonstrated that broad-sense heritability for IHN resistance is high. This review seeks to outline previous work on physiological internal necroses of potato due to high temperatures, summarize our current knowledge of IHN, and point to new areas of investigation to develop IHN resistant potato varieties.Resumen Desde comienzos del siglo 20 se han descrito en la literatura unas necrosis no patogénicas del tubérculo de papa, usando diferentes nombres, como herrumbre interna, oscurecimiento interno, necrosis fisiológica interna, punto oscuro interno, mancha chocolate, mancha marrón interna y necrosis interna por calor. Estos nombres parecen describir ya sea la misma enfermedad o una colección de desórdenes similares que caen dentro de la descripción general "necrosis ...

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“…Ample N is required throughout the development of all types of potatoes, with the optimum N levels determined by the cultivar, moisture availability, season length and anticipated crop use (Timm et al 1963;Bodlaender and Reestman 1968;White et al 1974;Silva et al 1991). Split applications of N are common where crop requirements for N are high, where leaching is common or where excessive early N can have a negative effect on the crop (Westermann et al 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of irrigation, nitrogen and seed piece spacing on yields and tuber size distribution of seed potatoes

Waterer¹

1997

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Waterer, D. 1997. Influence of irrigation, nitrogen and seed piece spacing on yields and tuber size distribution of seed potatoes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 77: 141-148. This study examined the influence of irrigation, soil nitrogen (N) levels and seed piece spacing on the yields and tuber size distribution of Norland, Russet Burbank and Shepody potatoes over three seasons at two sites in central Saskatchewan. The crops were grown under standard irrigated conditions or on dryland with in-row spacings of 15, 23 or 30 cm and total N levels of 200 or 300 kg ha -1 as either preplant or split applications. Irrigation greatly enhanced yields of all tuber size categories in the drier years but had less effect if seasonal precipitation reached or exceeded normal levels. Smaller size tubers formed a greater proportion of the total yield in crops exposed to drought stress. Norland was less affected by drought than the later-maturing cultivars. Yield responses to N were limited to situations where soil moisture was abundant or crop demand for nutrients was increased by close in-row spacings. Close in-row spacing increased total yields in some cases, while in others it resulted in a reduction in tuber size with little effect on overall yields. Yields for the cultivar Norland were less affected by seed piece spacing than yields for Russet Burbank or Shepody.Key words: Solanum tuberosum, drop seed, spacing, fertility Waterer, D. 1997. Influence de l'irrigation, des concentrations azotées du sol et de l'écartement des plantons, sur le rendement et sur la répartition des calibres des tubercules dans la culture des pommes de terre de semence. Can. J. Plant Sci. 77: 141-148. Nous avons examiné pendant trois années à deux emplacements du centre de la Saskatchewan l'effet de l'irrigation, de la teneur en N du sol et de l'écartement des plantons sur le rendement et sur la répartition des calibres des tubercules des cultivars de pommes de terre Norland, Russet Burbank et Shepody. Les cultures, irriguées ou non, étaient conduites à espacement de 15, 23 ou 30 cm sur la ligne, dans des sols dosant 200 ou 300 kg de N total par hectare. L'engrais azoté était épandu, soit avant la plantation, soit en apports fractionnés. En années sèches, l'irrigation augmentait fortement le rendement en tubercules dans toutes les classes de calibre, mais en régime de précipitations normales ou supérieures à la moyenne, l'effet était moins prononcé. Les cultures soumises à un stress hydrique produisaient une plus forte proportion de petits tubercules. Le cultivar Norland était plus tolérant à la sécheresse que les autres cultivars plus tardifs. L'effet du niveau N de sol sur le rendement ne s'observait qu'en sol bien pourvu en eau ou qu'en plus forte densité de peuplement. La plantation à faible écartement résultait, tantôt en un accroissement du rendement total, tantôt en une diminution du calibre, sans effet toutefois sur le rendement global. L'influence de l'é-cartement sur le rendement était moins prononcé dans le cas de Norland que dans celui des 2 autres va...

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Irrigation, nitrogen and gypsum effects on specific gravity and internal defects of Atlantic potatoes

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Growth, Yield, Economics and Crisps Quality of Indian Potato Processing Cultivars

Effect of Nitrogen Rate on Growth, Yield, Economics and Crisps Quality of Indian Potato Processing Cultivars

Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

Influence of irrigation, nitrogen and seed piece spacing on yields and tuber size distribution of seed potatoes

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