Irrigation Frequency Alters Nutrient Uptake in Container-grown Rhododendron Plants Grown with Different Rates of Nitrogen

Bi, Guoan; Fuchigami, Leslie H.; Regan, Richard P.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.47.2.189

Cited by 22 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Plant average concentrations of tested macronutrients (including P, K, Ca and Mg) in Encore Ò azalea 'Chiffon' were the lowest without N and were at deficient levels for container-grown azalea plants (Mills and Jones, 1996;Scagel et al, 2012), suggesting that N deficiency has limited uptake of other nutrients. As described by Marschner (2012), increasing the supply of just one nutrient with a deficient level will stimulate growth but may induce deficiency of other nutrients by dilution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…compared with lower irrigation frequency. Scagel et al (2012) reported that net uptake of P, B, and Mn decreased in response to more frequent irrigation in container-grown Rhododendron 'P.J.M Compact', 'English Roseum', and 'Gibraltar', but increased Ca uptake of 'P.J.M Compact' and 'English Roseum'. Plant species vary in their growth and nutrient uptake responses to irrigation frequency (Li et al, 2018(Li et al, , 2019.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When plants received no N from fertigation, there were deficiencies of P, K, S, and Mn for Rhododendron 'P.J.M' and deficiencies of P, K, S, Ca, and Mg for Rhododendron 'Cannon's Double' (Scagel et al, 2008b). With a sufficient N supply, plant growth may be limited by other mineral nutrients; therefore, balanced fertilization programs are necessary to optimize plant growth (Marschner, 2012;Scagel et al, 2012).…”

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Mineral Nutrient Uptake of Encore Azalea ‘Chiffon’ Affected by Nitrogen, Container, and Irrigation Frequency

Li¹,

Bi²,

Harkess³

et al. 2019

horts

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Mineral nutrient uptake of Encore® azalea ‘Chiffon’ (Rhododendron sp.) affected by nitrogen (N) rate, container type, and irrigation frequency was investigated. One-year-old azalea plants were planted in two types of 1-gallon containers: a black plastic container or a biodegradable container (also referred to as a biocontainer) made from recycled paper. Azalea plants were fertilized with 250 mL of N-free fertilizer twice weekly plus N rates of 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mm from ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). All plants were irrigated daily with the same amount of water through one or two irrigations. Plants fertilized without N had the lowest concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) averaged in the entire plant, which were at deficient levels for azalea species. High N rates of 15 or 20 mm resulted in the highest plant average concentrations of P, K, Ca, and Mg. Concentrations of micronutrients including iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and boron (B) showed varied trends affected by different treatments. With high N rates of 15 and 20 mm, paper biocontainers increased uptake of both macro- and micronutrients in terms of total nutrient content (mg or μg per plant) compared with plastic containers. One irrigation per day increased root concentrations of Cu and Zn and root contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, and B, but decreased leaf K concentration compared with two irrigations per day. The beneficial effects of high N rates and biocontainers on mineral nutrient uptake of Encore® azalea ‘Chiffon’ likely indirectly occurred through increasing plant growth.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Mineral Nutrient Uptake of Encore Azalea ‘Chiffon’ Affected by Nitrogen, Container, and Irrigation Frequency

Li¹,

Bi²,

Harkess³

et al. 2019

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“…It is considered that high yielding varieties led to the dilution effect of micronutrients due to increased 1000 kernel weights. The existence of a negative relationship between irrigation and iron and zinc uptake (Scagel and others ) and a similar negative relationship between phosphorus and iron and zinc uptake (Saha and others ) also lead to lower the accumulation of these micronutrients in the cereal grains. Since the edible parts of the cereals are poor in iron and zinc, thus heavy dependence of people from developing countries on these foods results in the development of large‐scale iron and zinc malnutrition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Combating Mineral Malnutrition through Iron and Zinc Biofortification of Cereals

Shahzad

Rouached

Rakha

2014

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

133

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Iron and zinc are 2 important nutrients in the human diet. Their deficiencies in humans lead to a variety of health-related problems. Iron and zinc biofortification of cereals is considered a cost-effective solution to overcome the malnutrition of these minerals. Biofortification aims at either increasing accumulation of these minerals in edible parts, endosperm, or to increase their bioavailability. Iron and zinc fertilization management positively influence their accumulation in cereal grains. Regarding genetic strategies, quantitative genetic studies show the existence of ample variation for iron and zinc accumulation as well as inhibitors or promoters of their bioavailability in cereal grains. However, the genes underlying this variation have rarely been identified and never used in breeding programs. Genetically modified cereals developed by modulation of genes involved in iron and zinc homeostasis, or genes influencing bioavailability, have shown promising results. However, iron and zinc concentration were quantified in the whole grains during most of the studies, whereas a significant proportion of them is lost during milling. This makes it difficult to realistically assess the effectiveness of the different strategies. Moreover, modifications in the accumulation of toxic elements, like cadmium and arsenic, that are of concern for food safety are rarely determined. Trials in living organisms with iron-and zinc-biofortified cereals also remain to be undertaken. This review focuses on the common challenges and their possible solutions related to agronomic as well as genetic iron and zinc biofortification of cereals.

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“…Green revolution is also one of the causes of micronutrient deficiencies in the soils because green revolution promoted the use of high-yielding varieties, large-scale irrigation practices and macronutrient fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium; Biswas & Benbi, 1997;Welch & Graham, 1999). Negative correlation between irrigations and phosphorous was observed with Zn uptake which leads to the reduction of Zn contents in kernels (Saha, Saha, Poddar, Murmu, & Singh, 2013;Scagel, Bi, Fuchigami, & Regan, 2012). Zn deficiency in the kernels is the cause of Zn malnutrition in maize consumers.…”

Section: Different Crops Could Be Targeted For Zn Biofortification Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.): Status and challenges

Maqbool¹,

Beshir²

2018

Plant Breeding

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Zn deficiency is one of the leading health problems in children and women of developing countries. Different interventions could be used to overcome malnutrition, but biofortification is most impactful, convenient, sustainable and acceptable intervention. Maize is one of the major crops grown and consumed in the regions with prevalent Zn malnutrition; therefore, this is suitable target for Zn biofortification. Zn biofortification of maize could be achieved through agronomic and genetic approaches. Discussion of agronomic approaches with genetic approaches is prerequisite because soils in developing countries are deficit of Zn and availability of Zn in soils is mandatory for estimating the genetic responses of maize genotypes through genetic approaches. Seed priming, foliar and soil applications are agronomic tools for biofortification, but solo and combined applications of these treatments have different effects on Zn enrichment. Genetic approaches include the increase of Zn bioavailability or increase of kernel Zn concentration. Zn bioavailability could be increased by reducing the anti‐nutritional factors or by increasing the bioavailability enhancers. Kernel Zn concentration could be improved through hybridization and selections, whereas genetically engineered attempts for improving Zn uptake from soil, loading in xylem, remobilization in grains and sequestration in endosperm can further improve the kernel Zn concentration. Key challenges associated with dissemination of Zn biofortified maize are also under discussion in this draft. Current review emphasized all of above‐mentioned contents to provide roadmap for the development of Zn biofortified maize genotypes to curb the global Zn malnutrition.

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Irrigation Frequency Alters Nutrient Uptake in Container-grown Rhododendron Plants Grown with Different Rates of Nitrogen

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Mineral Nutrient Uptake of Encore Azalea ‘Chiffon’ Affected by Nitrogen, Container, and Irrigation Frequency

Mineral Nutrient Uptake of Encore Azalea ‘Chiffon’ Affected by Nitrogen, Container, and Irrigation Frequency

Combating Mineral Malnutrition through Iron and Zinc Biofortification of Cereals

Zinc biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.): Status and challenges

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