Irrigation and Tillage Effects on Peanut Yield in Virginia1

Wright, F. S.; Porter, Duncan M.; Powell, N. L.; Ross, B. B.

doi:10.3146/i0095-3679-13-2-13

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Grade variation was due to cultivar differences for both the irrigated and non-irrigated studies. Similar variation in grade was noted previously by Wright et al (1986) using different runner-type peanut cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Postemergence Paraquat Tank-Mixtures

Eason

Tubbs

Grey³

et al. 2019

Peanut Science

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Paraquat postemergence (POST) applied is often used to control broadleaf and grass weed species in peanut in the Southeast US. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of POST herbicide tank-mixtures including paraquat on vegetation, yield, and grade for runner-type peanut cultivars under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions. Two separate experiments (irrigated and non-irrigated) were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in Ty Ty and Plains Georgia. Georgia-06G, Georgia-14N, TUFRunnere '511', and FloRune '157' cultivars were evaluated. Herbicide tank-mixtures included paraquat, paraquat plus acifluorfen plus bentazon, paraquat plus acifluorfen plus bentazon plus S-metolachlor, and paraquat plus acifluorfen plus bentazon plus acetochlor. Leaf burn, stunting injury, yield, and grade were evaluated. There were no interactions between herbicide and cultivar for all variables. Paraquat alone resulted in significantly greater foliar injury (3 DAT) than the other herbicide treatments for the irrigated (34 to 16%) and non-irrigated (28 to 15%) studies. Stunting for paraquat alone was noted at 15 and 35% for irrigated and non-irrigated, respectively. Similarly, in both studies, Georgia-06G and TUFRunnere '511' yielded 10 to 12% greater than Georgia-14N and FloRune '157'. Overall, the herbicide tank-mixtures did not have a negative effect on yield. With no interactions observed, these herbicide treatments can be used in conjunction with the given runner-type peanut cultivars in either irrigated or non-irrigated conditions without concern for excessive injury or decline in yield or grade.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Postemergence Paraquat Tank-Mixtures

Eason

Tubbs

Grey³

et al. 2019

Peanut Science

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“…Irrigation generally increases peanut yield when disease is controlled (Porter and Wright, 1987). However, disease incidence often increases under irrigation, and benefits of increased yield can be minimized due to increased incidence of noncontrolled disease (Rotem and Palti, 1969; Wright et al, 1986). Increased moisture on the soil surface and humidity in the peanut canopy following overhead irrigation can increase incidence of Sclerotinia blight ( Sclerotinia minor ), pod rot ( Pythium myriotylum ), and leaf spots ( Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum ) (Wright et al, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Management in Overhead Sprinkler and Subsurface Drip Irrigation Systems for Peanut

et al. 2004

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cidence often increases under irrigation, and benefits of increased yield can be minimized due to increased Experiments were conducted during 2001 and 2002 at one location incidence of noncontrolled disease (Rotem and Palti, in North Carolina to compare development of early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori), pod yield, and market grade characteristics 1969;Wright et al., 1986). Increased moisture on the when peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) was grown under overhead sprin-soil surface and humidity in the peanut canopy following kler irrigation (OSI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and fungioverhead irrigation can increase incidence of Sclerotinia cides were not applied or applied biweekly or based on weather blight (Sclerotinia minor), pod rot (Pythium myriotylum), advisories. Incidence of early leaf spot was lower when peanut was and leaf spots (Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporigrown under SDI compared with OSI when fungicides were not apdium personatum) (Wright et al., 1986). plied. Fewer fungicide applications were needed when applicationsSubsurface drip irrigation has been evaluated in a were based on weather advisories rather than when applied biweekly. variety of agronomic and vegetable crops (O'Brien etThere was no difference in early leaf spot control or leaf defoliation al., 1998). Subsurface drip irrigation can conserve water resulting from disease when fungicides were applied regardless of while maintaining or increasing peanut yield (Puppala irrigation system or fungicide application approach. Pod yield was higher in 2001 under SDI compared with OSI when fungicides were et al., 2000). It is suspected that disease incidence in peanut not applied; yield was similar in 2002. Disease severity was much would be lower under SDI compared with OSI because higher in 2001 than in 2002 and most likely explains differences in a decrease in the amount and duration of moisture in pod yield between years. No difference in yield was noted when the canopy under SDI would lessen the likelihood of fungicides were applied, regardless of irrigation system. The percentdisease development. Cost of installation of SDI and age of extra large kernels (%ELK) was lower in 1 of 2 yr under SDIOSI depends upon field size, topography, and cropping compared with OSI. There were no differences in percentages of systems (Bosch et al., 1992;O'Brien et al., 1998). Initial fancy pods (%FP), sound splits (%SS), and other kernels (%OK) and long-term investment in either system is similar among irrigation systems and fungicide programs. In a separate experi- (O'Brien et al., 1998). Less disease and more efficient ment where fungicides were applied biweekly, pod yield, %FP, and water use make SDI an attractive alternative to OSI. %ELK were similar under SDI and OSI but greater than nonirrigated peanut. The %OK was lower when peanut was irrigated.

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“…Todavia, mesmo a escarificação da entrelinha ou a amontoa, preconizada por muitos anos, além de não resultar em aumentos de produção, podem aumentar a incidência de patógenos nas vagens (Wright et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Sistemas conservacionistas de manejo do solo para amendoim cultivado em sucessão à cana crua

Bolonhezi

Mutton

Martins³

2007

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de sistemas conservacionistas de manejo do solo sobre características agronômicas de cultivares de amendoim com hábitos de crescimento contrastantes, foram instalados sete ensaios de campo; seis em Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico (Ribeirão Preto, SP) e um em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Pindorama, SP), todos em renovação de canaviais colhidos sem queima prévia. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos principais foram os sistemas de manejo -convencional, cultivo mínimo e plantio direto -e os secundários, as cultivares IAC-Tatu ST e IAC-Caiapó. Não há diferença estatística para produção de vagens e grãos e número de estruturas reprodutivas, entre manejos conservacionistas e convencional, porém pode haver redução no estande final de plantas. Em três dos sete ensaios houve interação significativa entre cultivar e sistema de manejo. A cultivar IAC-Caiapó é menos responsiva às diferenças de manejo do solo. O plantio direto pode proporcionar aumento de 6,5 a 9% no índice de rendimento de grãos e apresentar maior conteúdo de água no solo em período de seca.Termos para indexação: Arachis hypogaea, plantio direto, cultivo mínimo, palha de cana, cultivares. Conservation tillage to peanut crop in rotation with green harvest sugarcaneAbstract -Field studies were conducted from 2000 to 2005 to evaluate the effects of conservation tillage on agronomic characteristics of two peanut cultivars, cultivated in rotation with sugarcane harvested without burning. Tillage systems included reduced tillage, no-tillage, and conventional tillage, which were arranged in a split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications in two different types of soil, Oxisol and Ultisol, located in Ribeirão Preto and Pindorama cities, SP, Brazil. Tillage treatments were main plots while subplots were peanut genotypes (IAC-Tatu ST and IAC-Caiapó). Results of seven experiments showed no statistic difference on pod yield, kernel yield, number of pods and pegs, between the conservation tillage systems and the conventional tillage, but a decrease on stand of plants can occur. Three out of seven experiments showed a significant interaction between the cultivar and tillage system. The response of different tillage systems for cv. IAC-Caiapó was lower than for cv. IAC-Tatu ST. No-tillage system can show increase (between 6.5 and 9%) on mature kernel rate as well as good or better soil moisture during a dry period.Index terms: Arachis hypogaea, no-tillage, minimum-tillage, sugarcane straw, cultivars. IntroduçãoA produção de amendoim no Brasil está concentrada no Estado de São Paulo, que detém 87% da quantidade produzida e 77% da área cultivada, na maioria das vezes como cultura de sucessão na renovação de canaviais, basicamente praticada por agricultores arrendatários (Bolonhezi et al., 2005).Esta oleaginosa apresenta boas perspectivas de retomar o destaque que teve na década de 70, quando a área de ...

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Irrigation and Tillage Effects on Peanut Yield in Virginia1

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Postemergence Paraquat Tank-Mixtures

Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Postemergence Paraquat Tank-Mixtures

Disease Management in Overhead Sprinkler and Subsurface Drip Irrigation Systems for Peanut

Sistemas conservacionistas de manejo do solo para amendoim cultivado em sucessão à cana crua

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