Irreversible pulmonary hypertension associated with Troglostrongylus brevior infection in a kitten

Crisi, Paolo Emidio; Traversa, Donato; Cesare, Angela Di; Luciani, A; Civitella, Carla; Santori, Domenico; Boari, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.08.019

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…54 No other reports of pulmonary hypertension in lungworm-infected cats have been documented, with the exception of an A abstrusus-infected cat from the Netherlands; in this case, the hypertension was reversible and resolved after repeated parasiticide treatment. 55 Self-limiting or subclinical infections occur in older cats.…”

Section: 102326mentioning

confidence: 59%

“…A kitten infected with T brevior returned negative scores upon both copromicroscopic and biomolecular examinations for 3 months after a single administration of Advocate and showed a corresponding improvement in severe cardiorespiratory signs. 54 A single administration of milbemycin oxime 2 mg/kg (Milbemax) was efficacious in stopping larval shedding in one cat with a subclinical mixed infection of A abstrusus and T brevior, but the same drug was effective only against A abstrusus in another cat from the same litter, which died due to infection with T brevior despite the treatment. 26 The topical formulation containing emodepside 2.1%/praziquantel 8.6% (Profender) recently showed promise in the treatment of two kittens with mixed lungworm infections (T brevior and either A abstrusus or C aerophila).…”

Section: T Breviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…82,90 < Spot-on emodepside, 81,83 sela mectin 85 and eprinomectin 86,87 similarly showed high efficacy in the treatment of aelurostrongylosis in natural and/or experimental conditions. < Clinical reports in single animals have documented promising activity of moxidectin 54 and emo depside 27 in curing T brevior infection. < Spot-on eprinomectin proved to be efficacious in stopping larval shedding in cats with natural T brevior infection, 87 as well as against both developing larvae and adults of T brevior under experimental conditions.…”

Section: Current Armourymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and management of lungworm infections in cats

Traversa

Cesare

2016

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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134

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Practical relevance: Respiratory parasites infecting domestic cats are attracting increased attention in feline clinical practice. In addition to the most commonly recognised 'cat lungworm' Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Capillaria aerophila are now considered important pathogens of the respiratory tract of cats. Global importance: These parasites are being increasingly diagnosed in several regions of the world and a continuous update on epidemiological changes and advances in diagnosis and control is of practical importance. Aims: This article reviews current knowledge of lungworms affecting cats, with a special focus on recent insights into diagnosis and management of the diseases they cause. The article also explores some potential new avenues for control of feline parasitic respiratory diseases, and highlights some key areas requiring further research.

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Section: 102326mentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: T Breviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Armourymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and management of lungworm infections in cats

Traversa

Cesare

2016

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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134

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“…For instance, further studies on a large scale are warranted to evaluate the potential efficacy of emodepside in treating T. brevior and C. aero phila infection and, importantly, of moxidectin in the therapy of cat troglostrongylosis. Indeed, the available information suggests that T. brevior severely affects kittens and young cats and may be life-threatening (Di Cesare et al 2014b, 2015bTraversa et al 2014;Crisi et al 2015). Prompt and effective anthelmintic therapy is thus of importance in treating the infection (Traversa and Di Cesare 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of an Imidacloprid 10 % / Moxidectin 1 % Spot-on Formulation (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi) in Cats Naturally Infected with Capillaria aerophila

et al. 2017

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The parasitic nematode Capillaria (C.) aerophila affects the respiratory system of domestic and wild animals and, albeit rarely, human beings. In cats the infection may be subclinical, or present as chronic bronchitis with various respiratory clinical signs. In Europe there is no licensed product for the treatment of pet capillariosis. The present study aimed to deliver further evidence of the efficacy and safety of a spot-on formulation containing moxidectin 1 % (w/v) and imidacloprid 10 % (w/v) (Advocate ® , Advantage ® Multi, Bayer) in the treatment of C. aerophila infection in cats when administered once at the approved dose (one pipette 0.4 ml for cats weighing 1 -4 kg, one pipette 0.8 ml for cats weighing 4 -8 kg). Efficacy was tested on days 7 ± 1 and 11 ± 1 following treatment on day 0 and compared to pre-treatment faecal egg counts on days -6 ± 2 and -2 ± 2. Overall, 41 cats were enrolled in two groups: G1, treated with Advocate ® (n = 20 cats) and G2, left untreated (n = 21 cats). All G1 cats were negative for C. aero phila faecal egg output at the post-treatment evaluation (efficacy: 100 %) while all G2 cats were persistently infested with an average of 195.2 EPG. Differences in mean EPG values were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Of the eleven G1 cats that showed respiratory signs at pre-treatment enrolment, nine fully recovered after the administration of Advocate ® . No adverse events occurred in treated cats. This trial confirmed that Advocate ® Original Article S56EndoparasitEs is safe and effective in the treatment of feline lung capillariosis in naturally infected cats.

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“…The most common signs in cats with troglostrongylosis are cough, dyspnea and tachypnea ( 12 , 20 , 22 , 30 , 31 , 37 ). However, clinical signs of lower respiratory tract disease are a common presenting complaint in cats of all ages, and such manifestations frequently overlap with other respiratory disorders ( 31 ).…”

Section: History and Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Troglostrongylosis: Current Epizootiology, Clinical Features, and Therapeutic Options

2018

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Parasitic bronchopneumonia plays an important role in feline respiratory medicine, thus it is receiving growing attention by researchers and practitioners. In recent years, Troglostrongylus brevior, a lungworm usually infecting wild felids, has been recognized as an agent of the lower respiratory tract in domestic cats. In particular, as a likely consequence of a spill-over from wild reservoirs (e.g., the European wildcat), T. brevior infection is increasingly reported in cats from Mediterranean and Balkan countries. This parasitic nematode has an indirect life cycle, and its biology overlaps that of the better known “cat lungworm” Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. In fact, cases of co-infections caused by both lungworms are not infrequent in domestic cats. Knowledge on clinical features of troglostrongylosis is still incomplete. Available data indicates that clinical signs and radiographic evidence are severe especially in kittens and young cats, are non-specific and often overlap with those of other feline respiratory diseases, such as feline bronchial disease/asthma, or infectious pneumonia. These characteristics make a definitive diagnosis of troglostrongylosis challenging, this disease requires a timely ancillary therapy and an appropriate anthelminthic treatment. As feline troglostrongylosis is an emerging parasitic disease of domestic cats, it should be included in differential diagnosis for lower respiratory tract disease in cats from regions where this parasite is present but also where it is unexpected. This article reviews current knowledge on the pathogenic role of T. brevior in domestic cats and resulting respiratory illness, with a special focus on clinical aspects, diagnosis, and management of the disease.

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Irreversible pulmonary hypertension associated with Troglostrongylus brevior infection in a kitten

Cited by 32 publications

References 14 publications

Diagnosis and management of lungworm infections in cats

Diagnosis and management of lungworm infections in cats

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of an Imidacloprid 10 % / Moxidectin 1 % Spot-on Formulation (Advocate®, Advantage® Multi) in Cats Naturally Infected with Capillaria aerophila

Feline Troglostrongylosis: Current Epizootiology, Clinical Features, and Therapeutic Options

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