Irregularity in breakfast consumption and daily meal timing patterns in association with body weight status and inflammation

Guinter, Mark A.; Campbell, Peter T.; Patel, Alpa V.; McCullough, Marjorie L.

doi:10.1017/s0007114519002125

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, a long overnight fasting period (>18 h) has been associated with a relative decrease in body-mass index (BMI) [2]. However, a study among women in the 2009-2010 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) showed a significant bivariate relationship between longer overnight fasting and higher BMI [3], and a similar finding of a correlation between a shorter diet intake window (i.e., longer fasting) and higher waist circumference was reported in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment sub-study [14]. Moreover, multiple pilot intervention studies examined the effects of time-restricted feeding, otherwise known as time-restricted eating, or restricting caloric intake to a consistent window of <12 h per day, on weight loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The association between overnight fasting and body mass index in older adults: the interaction between duration and timing

et al. 2020

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Background Circadian rhythms play an important role in the regulation of eating and fasting, and mistimed dietary intakes may be detrimental to metabolic health. Extended overnight fasting has been proposed as a strategy to better align the eatingfasting cycle with the internal circadian clock, and both observational and experimental studies have linked longer overnight fasting with lower body weight. However, it remains unclear if the timing of overnight fasting modifies the relationship between fasting duration and weight outcomes. Methods The current study included 495 men and 499 women age 50-74 years. Dietary intake over 12 months was assessed by 24-h dietary recalls every two months, and body-mass index was measured at the beginning, middle and end of the study. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between overnight fasting duration and the likelihood of being overweight or obesity adjusted for multiple confounders, and assessed whether the relationship was modified by the timing of overnight fasting, measured as the midpoint of the fasting period. Results Among participants with early overnight fasting (midpoint < 02:19 am), a longer fasting duration was associated with lower odds of overweight and obesity; while among those with late fasting (≥02:19 am), longer fasting was associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity. Specifically, when compared to the shortest quintile of overnight fasting duration, the longest quintile was associated with a 53% reduction in the odds of overweight and obesity in the early fasting group (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.97), but a 2.36-fold increase in the late fasting group (OR = 3.36, 95% CI = 1.48, 7.62). Additionally adjusting for dietary intakes during morning and late evening periods did not affect the observed associations. Conclusions Longer overnight fasting was associated with a reduced likelihood of being overweight or obese, but only among those with an early timing of fasting.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

The association between overnight fasting and body mass index in older adults: the interaction between duration and timing

et al. 2020

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“…Habitually skipping breakfast has also been associated with higher odds of having chronic inflammation. Recently, one cross-sectional study including 644 participants in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 Diet Assessment Sub-study assessed breakfast consumption and inflammatory status using glycoprotein acetyl as the inflammatory indicator (12) . Individuals who ate breakfast for 5 d had higher glycoprotein acetyl (β 0•21; 95 % CI 0•03, 0•40) when compared with those who consumed breakfast on all 6 d. However, no association was found for other exposure groups, which could be due to the small sample size of those groups (12) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of note, all of the aforementioned chronic conditions or diseases are associated with chronic inflammation (6,(8)(9)(10) . Two recent cross-sectional studies reported that consumption of breakfast foods was associated with lower inflammation, assessed via serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (11) or glycoprotein acetyls (12) . However, these studies were limited by an indirect assessment of breakfast consumption (11) or a small sample size (n 644) (12) .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Two recent cross-sectional studies reported that consumption of breakfast foods was associated with lower inflammation, assessed via serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (11) or glycoprotein acetyls (12) . However, these studies were limited by an indirect assessment of breakfast consumption (11) or a small sample size (n 644) (12) . The study by di Giuseppe et al (11) assessed participants' breakfast consumption by determining whether they reported consumption of foods which were considered 'typical Italian breakfast foods' (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Habitually skipping breakfast is associated with chronic inflammation: a cross-sectional study

Zhu

Zhang

Shu

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: We examined whether breakfast frequency was associated with chronic inflammatory, as assessed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Kailuan community, China. Participants: Included were 70 092 Chinese adults without CVD and cancer in 2014 with CRP concentrations <10 mg/l, when breakfast frequency was assessed via a questionnaire, and plasma CRP concentration was measured. Results: Breakfast frequency was associated with CRP concentration (P-trend < 0·001). The adjusted mean CRP was 1·33 mg/l (95 % CI 1·23, 1·44) for the ‘no breakfast’ group and 1·07 mg/l (95 % CI 1·0, 1·14) for the ‘breakfast everyday’ group (P-difference < 0·001), adjusting for age, sex, diet quality, total energy, obesity, education, occupation, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, blood pressure, sleep parameters, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles. Consistently, the adjusted OR for CRP ≥ 1·0 mg/l and CRP ≥ 3·0 mg/l were 1·86 (95 % CI 1·73, 2·00) and 1·27 (95 % CI 1·15, 1·40), respectively, when comparing these two breakfast consumption groups (P-trend < 0·001 for both). The associations were more pronounced among older adults, relative to those who were younger (P-interaction < 0·001). Significant association between breakfast skipping and elevated CRP concentration was observed in those with poor diet quality, but not those with good diet quality. Conclusions: Habitually skipping breakfast was associated with elevated concentrations of CRP. Future prospective studies including repeated assessment of inflammatory biomarkers and a collection of detailed information on type and amount of breakfast foods are warranted.

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“…Furthermore, irregular breakfast consumption was indicated to be associated with higher inflammation levels. 35 Higher levels of inflammatory cytokine are associated with weaker grip strength. 36 Thus, this may also be an explanation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Relationships Between Eating Behaviors and Hand Grip Strength Among Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Ding¹,

Yin²,

Zhang³

et al. 2020

RMHP

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Purpose Poor eating behaviors are associated with imbalances in energy and food intake, which may directly or indirectly contribute to muscle strength loss. This study aimed to investigate the association between eating behaviors and hand grip strength in Chinese adults. Materials and Methods We designed and conducted a cross-sectional study of 2009 Chinese individuals aged 25–65 years in 2017. Eating behaviors, including breakfast consumption, snacking after dinner, and eating rate, were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Hand grip strength was assessed using a digital grip dynamometer. Age, sex, BMI, physical activity, educational level, occupation, living status, sleep duration, smoking and drinking status, hypertension, diabetes, and depressive symptoms were used as confounding factors. Results After final adjustments for confounding factors, grip strength was measured as 35.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.7–35.8), 36.0 (95% CI: 35.6–36.4), and 36.9 (95% CI: 36.6–37.3) for those who skipped, occasionally ate, and regularly ate breakfast, respectively (p for trend <0.001). Those who always, sometimes, and seldom snacked after dinner (p for trend <0.001) reported the following grip strength: 34.7 (95% CI: 34.0–35.3), 36.2 (95% CI: 35.8–36.6), and 36.9 (95% CI: 36.6–37.2), respectively. Significant associations were not found between eating rate and grip strength. Conclusion This study showed that higher frequency of breakfast consumption and lower frequency of snacking after dinner were associated with higher grip strength in Chinese adults. Therefore, eating behaviors may be involved in muscle function.

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Irregularity in breakfast consumption and daily meal timing patterns in association with body weight status and inflammation

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

The association between overnight fasting and body mass index in older adults: the interaction between duration and timing

The association between overnight fasting and body mass index in older adults: the interaction between duration and timing

Habitually skipping breakfast is associated with chronic inflammation: a cross-sectional study

<p>Relationships Between Eating Behaviors and Hand Grip Strength Among Chinese Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study</p>

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