For a locally compact group G with left Haar measure and modular function δ the conjugation representation γG of G on L2(G) is defined byf ∈ L2(G), x, y ∈ G. γG has been investigated recently (see [19, 20, 21, 24, 32, 35]). For semi-simple Lie groups, a related representation has been studied in [25]. γG is of interest not least because of its connection to questions on inner invariant means on L∞(G). In what follows suppγG denotes the support of γG in the dual space Ĝ, that is the closed subset of all equivalence classes of irreducible representations which are weakly contained in γG. The purpose of this paper is to establish relations between properties such as a variant of Kazhdan's property and discreteness or countability of supp γG and the structure of G.