Irradiation of Ascaris ova in sludge using an electron beam accelerator

Capizzi-Banas, Sandrine; Schwartzbrod, J.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00503-0

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The swine parasite Ascaris suum is routinely used as a surrogate for the human parasite (22) and is often found in sludges. Due to its resistance to biocontrol mechanisms (6) Ascaris is a model organism for developing environmentally safe disinfection methods (7,22). The eggs can be rendered nonviable through natural processes using extreme heat (Ͼ40°C) or with UV radiation (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Ascaris suum by Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Butkus

Hughes

Bowman

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Ascaris suum eggs were inactivated in distilled water and digested sludge by butanoic, pentanoic, and hexanoic acids. The fatty acids (short-chain fatty acids [SCFA]) were effective only when protonated and at sufficient concentrations. The conjugate bases were not effective at the concentrations evaluated. Predictions from an inhibition model (50% inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ]) based on quantitative structure-activity relationships were congruent with inactivation data.The nematode Ascaris lumbricoides releases highly resistant, unembryonated eggs into the environment, causing ϳ1.3 billion illnesses worldwide (12). The swine parasite Ascaris suum is routinely used as a surrogate for the human parasite (22) and is often found in sludges. Due to its resistance to biocontrol mechanisms (6) Ascaris is a model organism for developing environmentally safe disinfection methods (7,22). The eggs can be rendered nonviable through natural processes using extreme heat (Ͼ40°C) or with UV radiation (4). The use of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is another possible method of controlling Ascaris. The toxicity of SCFA to bacteria, e.g., Escherichia coli (9), Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus (20), fungi (14, 23), insects (15), and birds (13) a Letters after viability measurements denote statistically significant differences among the percentages of viable eggs when compared to the water controls which were conducted with each round of testing (data not shown). The overall average percent survival for the water controls was 90.3 Ϯ 2.7%. Data marked "a" were tested with the Proc Mix of SAS (P Ͻ 0.01). Data marked "b" were tested with the Student t test (P Ͻ 0.05). SD, standard deviation.b ND, not done.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of Ascaris suum by Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Butkus

Hughes

Bowman

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Although the outer coat protects against low-dose radiation (0.20 kGy), no difference in ovum viability was observed after exposure to 0.30 kGy. A similar study using accelerated electron beam to destruct Ascaris ova was conducted by Capizzi-Banas and Schwartzbrod [12]. The D 10 value obtained for radiation of residual sludge contaminated with ova depended on the source of ova, 788 ± 172 Gy for suspensions of ova extracted from slaughter house sludge and 1125 ± 145 Gy for suspension freshly prepared ova by worm dissection.…”

Section: The Effect Of Radiation On Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 78%

Application of radiation technology to sewage sludge processing: A review

Wang

2007

Journal of Hazardous Materials

162

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“…As an example, some of the best results for helminth egg inactivation in sludge have been obtained using thermal treatment at 108°C, irradiation at 1000 Gy or greater, pasteurization at 70°C, and thermophilic (55°C) anaerobic digestion [82][83][84][85]. In addition, the US EPA [48] allows the use of different alternatives to produce a sludge that meets class A limits (<0.25 HE/g TS) which include processes such as composting, irradiation, pasteurization, and heat treatment.…”

Section: Sludge Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helminths and their Role in Environmental Engineering

Jiménez¹,

Maya²,

Barrios³

et al. 2017

Human Helminthiasis

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Helminth eggs represent an important challenge to environmental engineers as they are among the most difficult biological parasites to inactivate in wastewater and sludge. Even though no official data on helminthiasis exist, it is estimated that more than 2.6 billion people are affected. These parasites are of concern in developing countries, particularly in those areas where the reuse of wastewater and sludge for agriculture is common. With regard to this, the unrestricted use of wastewater for irrigation presents a serious health risk due to the dissemination of pathogens, particularly helminth eggs. Helminth eggs survive in water, soil, and crops for several months and over much longer periods than other microorganisms. Therefore, and in order to minimize risk, several guidelines and regulations exist which limit their content in wastewater and sludge. Risk assessment estimates that such regulations may be less strict in developing countries where higher concentrations of helminth eggs occur in wastewater and sludge. These eggs need to be removed from wastewater and inactivated in sludge using certain treatment processes, some of which are not feasible in developing countries. Adequate methods are needed to precisely identify and quantify helminth eggs in environmental samples. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to address helminthiasis in environmental engineering issues.

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Irradiation of Ascaris ova in sludge using an electron beam accelerator

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Inactivation of Ascaris suum by Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Inactivation of Ascaris suum by Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Application of radiation technology to sewage sludge processing: A review

Helminths and their Role in Environmental Engineering

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