Iron reduction in the sediments of a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer

Tuccillo, Mary Ellen; Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.; Herman, Janet S.

doi:10.1016/s0883-2927(98)00089-4

Cited by 96 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…adequately represents the overall amount of Fe reduced, with >99% becoming immobilized on sediments [Tuccillo et al, 1999;Amos et al, 2012;Ng et al, 2014]. Mismatches occur mostly due to fine spatial scale mineral variability not captured by the model, as evidenced by patchy Fe(II) observed among core segments over 2006.…”

Section: 1002/2015wr016964mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mineral Fe concentrations are based on a 0.5 M HCl extraction method described by Tuccillo et al [1999]. Initial Fe(OH) 3 concentration of 0.0393 mol/L v (L v is bulk or total aquifer volume in liters) was determined from average background samples measurements of Fe(III) [Tuccillo et al, 1999] and assuming a bulk density of 1650 g/L v .…”

Section: 1002/2015wr016964mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial Fe(OH) 3 concentration of 0.0393 mol/L v (L v is bulk or total aquifer volume in liters) was determined from average background samples measurements of Fe(III) [Tuccillo et al, 1999] and assuming a bulk density of 1650 g/L v . We consider 0.0288 mol/L v of that amount to be bioavailable for redox coupling, based on the average 0.0105 mol/L v Fe(III) remaining near the oil body (average within 100 m) 30 years after the spill [Amos et al, 2012;Ng et al, 2014].…”

Section: 1002/2015wr016964mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraction studies [Tuccillo et al, 1999] and modeling studies Essaid et al, 1995] showed that nearly all reduced Fe mobilized by dissimilitory Fe reduction was rapidly immobilized on sediments. To represent the possible sinks of reduced forms through precipitation, we include the mineral phases of siderite (FeCO 3 ) and rhodochrosite (MnCO 3 ).…”

Section: Solid Phase Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We simplify the model implementation by omitting magnetite, which is limited to locations within the oil body [Atekwana et al, 2014]. Siderite has been detected in the reduced zones of the Bemidji plume [Baedecker et al, 1992;Tuccillo et al, 1999;Zachara et al, 2004], but saturation indices of siderite and rhodochrosite, using the PHREEQC-2 database dissolution log K values of 210.89 and 211.13 for siderite and rhodochrosite, respectively, are often above zero within the plume (Figure 3). This may suggest a kinetically limited precipitation model [Jensen et al, 2002], but we choose instead to apply in-plume saturation indices determined with the original database (Figure 3) to adjust the dissolution log K values upward (Table 4).…”

Section: Solid Phase Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Bekins

Cozzarelli

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

131

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Anaerobic biodegradation of organic amendments and contaminants in aquifers can trigger secondary water quality impacts that impair groundwater resources. Reactive transport models help elucidate how diverse geochemical reactions control the spatiotemporal evolution of these impacts. Using extensive monitoring data from a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, Minnesota (USA), we implemented a comprehensive model that simulates secondary plumes of depleted dissolved O 2 and elevated concentrations of Mn 21 , Fe 21 , CH 4 , and Ca 21 over a two-dimensional cross section for 30 years following the spill. The model produces observed changes by representing multiple oil constituents and coupled carbonate and hydroxide chemistry. The model includes reactions with carbonates and Fe and Mn mineral phases, outgassing of CH 4 and CO 2 gas phases, and sorption of Fe, Mn, and H 1 . Model results demonstrate that most of the carbon loss from the oil (70%) occurs through direct outgassing from the oil source zone, greatly limiting the amount of CH 4 cycled down-gradient. The vast majority of reduced Fe is strongly attenuated on sediments, with most (91%) in the sorbed form in the model. Ferrous carbonates constitute a small fraction of the reduced Fe in simulations, but may be important for furthering the reduction of ferric oxides. The combined effect of concomitant redox reactions, sorption, and dissolved CO 2 inputs from source-zone degradation successfully reproduced observed pH. The model demonstrates that secondary water quality impacts may depend strongly on organic carbon properties, and impacts may decrease due to sorption and direct outgassing from the source zone.

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Section: 1002/2015wr016964mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: 1002/2015wr016964mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1002/2015wr016964mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Phase Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Phase Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Bekins

Cozzarelli

et al. 2015

Water Resources Research

131

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High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction

Atekwana

Mewafy

Aal

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci.

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Disimilatory iron-reducing bacteria play an important role in the reduction of Fe(hydr)oxides and the production of secondary solid-iron mineral phases that can have magnetic properties. Magnetic susceptibility can therefore play an important role in identifying zones where microbial-mediated iron reduction is occurring. We investigated the magnetic susceptibility variations in a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer where methanogenesis and iron reduction are the main biogeochemical processes. Our objectives are to (1) determine the variability of magnetic susceptibility, (2) determine the hydrobiogeochemical controls on the magnetic susceptibility variability, and (3) evaluate the use of magnetic susceptibility as a viable technique for identifying zones where the coupling of iron and organic carbon cycling is occurring. Magnetic susceptibility data were acquired down 11 boreholes within contaminated and uncontaminated locations. We show that magnetic susceptibility values for boreholes within the free phase plume are higher than values for boreholes within the dissolved phase plume and background. Magnetic susceptibility values are highest within the zone of water table fluctuation with peaks predominantly occurring at the highest water table marks and are also coincident with high concentrations of dissolved Fe(II) and organic carbon content, suggesting that the zone of water table fluctuation is most biologically active. High magnetic susceptibility values within the vadose zone above the free phase plume are coincident with a zone of methane depletion suggesting aerobic or anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to iron reduction. Our results suggest that magnetic susceptibility can be used as a viable tool in iron and carbon cycling studies.

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Delineation of spatial redox zones using discriminant analysis and geochemical modelling in arsenic‐affected alluvial aquifers

Lee¹,

Jang²,

Wang³

et al. 2007

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:This study characterized the redox conditions in arsenic-affected groundwater aquifers of the Lanyang plain, Taiwan. Discriminant analysis was adopted to delineate three redox zones (oxidative, transitional and reductive zones) in different aquifers and yielded 92Ð3% correctness on groundwater quality data. Arsenic is mainly distributed in the reductive zone, and arsenic distribution in the shallow aquifer is mainly affected by surface activities. According to PHREEQC modelling results, possible mechanisms for arsenic release to groundwater in Lanyang plain are explored. Arsenic released to groundwater in the oxidative zone (zone 1) is primarily caused by the oxidations of arsenic-bearing pyrite minerals, and arsenate is the predominant species. While the reductive dissolution of Fe-oxides are responsible for the high arsenic concentration found in the transitional and reductive zones (zones 2 and 3), arsenite is the predominant species. The reduction potential of groundwater rises as the depths and zones increase. Some sulphates may be reduced to form sulphide ions, which then react with arsenic to form arseno-sulphide deposits (such as realgar, orpiment) and then slightly lower groundwater arsenic concentrations. A conceptual diagram which summarized the possible release processes of arsenic in different redox zones along groundwater flow in Lanyang plain is postulated. Arsenic-bearing pyrite and arsenopyrite (FeAsS) are oxidized as they are exposed to the infiltrated oxygenated rainwater, releasing soluble arsenate Fe(II) and SO 4 2 into zone 1. The dissolution of arsenic-rich Fe-oxides due to the onset of reducing conditions in zones 2 and 3 is responsible for the mobility of arsenic and likely to be the primary mechanism of arsenic release to groundwater in the Lanyang plain

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Iron reduction in the sediments of a hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer

Cited by 96 publications

References 32 publications

Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

Reactive transport modeling of geochemical controls on secondary water quality impacts at a crude oil spill site near Bemidji, MN

High-resolution magnetic susceptibility measurements for investigating magnetic mineral formation during microbial mediated iron reduction

Delineation of spatial redox zones using discriminant analysis and geochemical modelling in arsenic‐affected alluvial aquifers

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