Iron‐phosphate glass‐ceramic anodes for lithium‐ion batteries

Abstract

The oxide glass-based anodes for lithium-ion Batteries (LiBs) still suffer from two critical drawbacks, that is, low reversible capacity and low electrical conductivity. Here, we report a new way to overcome the two drawbacks. Specifically, we chose 50Fe 2 O 3 -50P 2 O 5 (50Fe50P) glass as the anode material for LiBs, and then thermally treat it at 1118 K (T g +345 K) for 0.5 h under reducing atmosphere (5 mol% H 2 +95 mol% Ar). The thermal reduction treatment led to formation of Fe 2 (P 4 O 12 ) and Fe 2 Fe 5 (P 2 O 7 ) 4 crystals. The reduced glass-based anode for LiBs exhibits the capacity of 373 mA h g −1 after 1 000 charge/discharge cycles at 1 A g −1 , which is higher than that of the oxidized one. The reduction treatment greatly lowers the charge transfer resistance in the glass anode, indicating the enhancement of the electrical conductivity. This performance improvement could arise from the increase of accessible active sites for Li + ion storage and transfer due to the existence of crystal-crystal/crystal-glass boundaries, as well as from the improvement of the electron transfer between Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ during cycling. This reduction-crystallization approach could help develop highperformance oxide glass-ceramics based anodes for advanced LiBs.

Simulation of health assessment model for thermal management system of lithium-ion battery based on fuzzy clustering algorithm

“…Among these options, lithium-ion batteries have emerged as the preferred choice for energy storage in numerous applications due to their exceptional energy density, extended lifespan, and minimal self-discharge characteristics [2]. However, in the practical application process, the condition of lithium-ion batteries is a significant aspect to be considered [3]. This is because the chemical processes involved in charging and discharging can lead to lithium-ion batteries often suffering some irreversible damage such as capacity attenuation, internal resistance increase, and polarization [4].…”