Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Oxidative Damage in Peripheral Blood Cells of Rat

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field that has elicited much concern due to a variety of applications in different fields such as industry, medicine, and cosmetics. These developments increase the concern among the general population. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore the possible human health effects of these nanomaterials. The present study is aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in-vivo. In order to study the toxic effects, Wistar rats were administered intravenously with various doses of IONPs (Fe 2 O 3) through caudal vein once in a week for 28 days, and various biochemical assays such as antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, CAT, and GSH), lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and hematological parameters were evaluated. Genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay and oxidative stress was measured by antioxidant enzymes. The results reveal that IONPs alter hematological factor such as RBC counts, WBC counts, neutrophils, monocytes and hemoglobin. A dose-dependent inhibition (p < 0.05) of antioxidant enzymes was found, and meanwhile the level of MDA elevated significantly (p < 0.05) in IONPs treated groups in dose-dependent manner; however comet assay results indicate that IONPs did not induce any significant DNA damage. The present study concluded that IONP affects inflammatory response, which induces the oxidative stress and may adversely affect the cellular function.

Oxidative stress-mediated alterations on sperm parameters in male Wistar rats exposed to 3G mobile phone radiation

“…Post‐fixation of sample was done in 1% osmium tetroxide and then dehydrated through an ethanol graded series and embedded in epoxy resin. Uranyl acetate and lead citrate were used for staining the ultrathin sections, later examined under Jeol Electron Microscope (JEM 2100F) at 120 kV (Gaharwar & Paulraj, ).…”

Microemulsion-based synthesis of strontium hexaferrite cobalt iron oxide nanoparticles and their biocompatibility in albino mice

“…Hematological parameters are affected by stress, environmental factors and nutritional deficiencies and hence can be used as good health indicator and are used on regular basis for the diagnosis of various diseases [24]. Gaharwar and Paulraj [25] had reported a significant decrease in red blood cells in rat that were exposed to either 15 or 30 mg/kg iron oxide. They had suggested that these changes in red blood cells are due to abnormalities induced by iron oxide in hemopoietic system that is responsible for erythrocyte production.…”

“…Superoxide dismutase generates H 2 O 2 from super oxide free radicals that are more toxic than oxygen-derived free radicals and are detoxify by catalase and reduced glutathione [28]. Gahrawar and Pulraj [25] had reported a reduction in SOD and increased lipid peroxidation in iron oxide nanoparticle-treated rats as compared to control. In contrast, our results revealed increased SOD activity (P ¼ 0.005) and reduced lipid peroxidation (P ¼ 0.8) in liver and brain of strontium hexaferrite cobalt iron oxide-treated male mice as compared to salinetreated control group (Table 5).…”

SiO2-PVA-Fe(acac)3 Hybrid Based Superparamagnetic Nanocomposites for Nanomedicine: Morpho-textural Evaluation and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay

“…Among the inorganic magnetic nanomaterials used more frequently to interact with human organism, metal oxides, especially iron oxides (magnetite, maghemite), silica, titanium oxides, or zinc oxide are found [32]. These oxides, even when they are covered and present no cytotoxicity and before they could harm the living bodies as toxic elements by reaching a certain level of concentration, they could mechanically harm the organs and tissue of the body due to their inappropriate size or due to sharp feature of geometric shape.…”