Iron Metabolism: From Health to Disease

Oliveira, Fernando; Rocha, Sara; Fernandes, Rúben

doi:10.1002/jcla.21668

Cited by 69 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…(775–780)], present at ca. 1–2 g L −1 , with ferritin being an intracellular iron storage molecule, so one is led to wonder why there is even any serum ferritin at all (126, 781).…”

Section: Proteomic and Similar Biomarkers – Circulating And Placentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dormant Microbial Component in the Development of Preeclampsia

Kell

Kenny

2016

Front. Med.

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Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex, multisystem disorder that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. Four main classes of dysregulation accompany PE and are widely considered to contribute to its severity. These are abnormal trophoblast invasion of the placenta, anti-angiogenic responses, oxidative stress, and inflammation. What is lacking, however, is an explanation of how these themselves are caused. We here develop the unifying idea, and the considerable evidence for it, that the originating cause of PE (and of the four classes of dysregulation) is, in fact, microbial infection, that most such microbes are dormant and hence resist detection by conventional (replication-dependent) microbiology, and that by occasional resuscitation and growth it is they that are responsible for all the observable sequelae, including the continuing, chronic inflammation. In particular, bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, are well known as highly inflammagenic and stimulate an innate (and possibly trained) immune response that exacerbates the inflammation further. The known need of microbes for free iron can explain the iron dysregulation that accompanies PE. We describe the main routes of infection (gut, oral, and urinary tract infection) and the regularly observed presence of microbes in placental and other tissues in PE. Every known proteomic biomarker of “preeclampsia” that we assessed has, in fact, also been shown to be raised in response to infection. An infectious component to PE fulfills the Bradford Hill criteria for ascribing a disease to an environmental cause and suggests a number of treatments, some of which have, in fact, been shown to be successful. PE was classically referred to as endotoxemia or toxemia of pregnancy, and it is ironic that it seems that LPS and other microbial endotoxins really are involved. Overall, the recognition of an infectious component in the etiology of PE mirrors that for ulcers and other diseases that were previously considered to lack one.

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“…(775–780)], present at ca. 1–2 g L −1 , with ferritin being an intracellular iron storage molecule, so one is led to wonder why there is even any serum ferritin at all (126, 781).…”

Section: Proteomic and Similar Biomarkers – Circulating And Placentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dormant Microbial Component in the Development of Preeclampsia

Kell

Kenny

2016

Front. Med.

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“…Iron contributes to many biologic processes such as oxygen transport, DNA biosynthesis, energy metabolism. 1 However, iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder that affects millions of people in the world, especially in developing countries. 2 It has been reported that 46% of children between 5 and 14 years old and 56% of pregnant women are anemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of duck egg white peptide‐ferrous chelate on iron bioavailability in vivo and structure characterization

Shi

et al. 2018

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND In order to utilize the industrial by‐product ‘salted duck egg white’ as novel iron additives, the effects of desalted duck egg white peptides‐ferrous chelate (DPs‐Fe) on the promotion of iron uptake and the structure were investigated. RESULTS Different doses of DPs‐Fe were given and iron sulfate (FeSO4) was used as a positive control. After three weeks, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cells (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum iron (SI) and serum ferritin (SF) in iron‐deficiency anemia (IDA) rats could be significantly (P < 0.05) increased to the normal levels by DPs‐Fe. The gene expressions of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), ferroportin 1 (FPN1) and Hepcidin could be regulated by DPs‐Fe. Additionally, DPs‐Fe was formed during the chelation process and the structure was characterized. Eight crucial iron‐chelating peptides of duck egg white peptides (DPs) were identified by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS, such as Pro‐Val‐Glu‐Glu and Arg‐Ser‐Ser. It indicated that Glu, Asp, Lys, His, Ser, Cys residues might play crucial roles in the chelating of DPs with iron. CONCLUSION DPs‐Fe could be a potential iron supplement, and the Glu, Asp, Lys, His played important roles in binding iron and promoting iron uptake. This research expands the understanding of iron uptake by DPs and provides an opportunity for recycling a discarded processing byproduct. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Tf has a single polypeptide chain of about 700 amino acids and contains two specific highaffinity Fe 3+ binding sites, for the transport of iron in the circulation (Ceron et al, 2005;Oliveira et al, 2014). Tf concentrations fall during an acute phase response, making Tf a negative APP (Nguyen, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%