Iron fortification adversely affects the gut microbiome, increases pathogen abundance and induces intestinal inflammation in Kenyan infants

Jaeggi, Tanja; Kortman, Guus A. M.; Moretti, Diego; Chassard, Christophe; Holding, Penny; Dostal, Alexandra; Boekhorst, Jos; Timmerman, Harro M.; Swinkels, Dorine W.; Tjalsma, Harold; Njenga, Jane; Mwangi, Alice; Kvalsvig, Jane; Lacroix, Christophe; Zimmermann, Michael

doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307720

Cited by 494 publications

(556 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Thus, the Fe in the LNS improved Fe stores but may not have stimulated reticulocytosis, which might explain the lack of adverse effects on malaria morbidity. Our findings are different from the reports of the studies in Pakistan (6) , Kenya (7) , Pemba (8) , Zambia (10) and Cote d'Ivoire (35) . These studies reported increases in malariarelated hospitalizations and deaths, respiratory infections, diarrhoea and intestinal inflammation associated with Fe supplements or Fe-containing MNP provision in children.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

Bendabenda

Alho

Cheung

et al. 2016

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Safety of home fortificants in children is uncertain in areas where infections are common. We tested the hypothesis that provision of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) containing Fe does not increase infectious morbidity in children. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Infants were randomised to receive 10, 20 or 40 g LNS/d; or no supplement until age 18 months. All LNS contained 6 mg Fe/d. Morbidity outcomes (serious adverse events, non-scheduled visits and guardian-reported morbidity episodes) were compared between control and intervention groups using a non-inferiority margin of 20 %. Setting: Namwera and Mangochi catchment areas in rural Malawi. Subjects: Infants aged 6 months (n 1932). Results: The enrolled 1932 infants contributed 1306 child-years of follow-up. Baseline characteristics were similar across groups. Compared with the control group, the relative risk (95 % CI) of serious adverse events was 0·71 (0·48, 1·07), 0·67 (0·48, 0·95) and 0·91 (0·66, 1·25) in 10, 20 and 40 g LNS/d groups, respectively. The incidence rate ratio (95 % CI) of non

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

Bendabenda

Alho

Cheung

et al. 2016

Public Health Nutr.

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“…However, a recent study reported that mice fed a high-iron diet had lower abundances of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae than mice fed a normal-iron or iron-deficient diet (38). In addition, the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella and Escherichia coli were increased in infants with iron fortification (39). Although the mechanisms remain unclear, these studies show imply that iron intake influences gut microbiota composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Relationship between Habitual Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiota in Young Japanese Women

Seura

Yoshino

Fukuwatari

2017

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Recent studies have shown that dietary content affects the health of the host by changing the gut microbiota. However, little is known about the association of microbiota composition with habitual diet in Japanese people. Here, we aimed to clarify the relationship between the fecal microbiota and habitual dietary intake of micronutrients, macronutrients and food groups in healthy young Japanese women. Analysis of fecal microbiota was performed by the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) method, and a dietary survey was conducted over three consecutive days using a weighed food record method. T-RFLP pattern analysis divided the subjects into two clusters, where cluster A group had a high relative abundance of Bacteroides and Clostridium cluster IV, and cluster B group had a high relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillales. Cluster A group also had lower intakes of iron and vitamin K and higher intakes of mushrooms and snacks than cluster B group. Analysis of Spearman rank correlations found several significant relationships between fecal microbiota and intake of nutrients and food groups. Bifidobacterium was correlated with iron intake, and Clostridium cluster XI was negatively correlated with intakes of cholesterol and eggs. These results suggest that dietary habits may strongly affect Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Clostridium abundance in the gut microbiota of young Japanese women. This is the first study to show relationships between fecal microbiota and habitual dietary intake in Japanese people. Accumulation of results from similar studies will help to elucidate the relationships between dietary intake and diseases in Japanese people.

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“…Carcinoma-enriched bacteria such as B. massiliensis, P. merdae, A. finegoldii and B. wadsworthia were less abundant in subjects consuming more vegetable or fruits, in contrast to the control- Serum levels of ferritin, a protein responsible for intracellular iron storage, negatively correlated with many of the carcinomaenriched MLGs (Fig. 6), highlighting iron as a key resource for the growth of a number of pathogenic bacteria 26 , which feed on iron from the host or dietary sources such as meat. Haemoglobin (Hb) displayed negative correlation with the carcinoma-enriched mlg-75, mlg-2985, mlg-88 and mlg-84.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome development along the colorectal adenoma–carcinoma sequence

et al. 2015

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Iron fortification adversely affects the gut microbiome, increases pathogen abundance and induces intestinal inflammation in Kenyan infants

Abstract: NCT01111864.

Cited by 494 publications

References 67 publications

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

The Relationship between Habitual Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiota in Young Japanese Women

Gut microbiome development along the colorectal adenoma–carcinoma sequence

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