Iron deficiency anemia: clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia occurs due to iron deficiency and is considered the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. It can be triggered by iron malabsorption, low iron intake and blood loss, affecting mainly risk groups and presenting its characteristic symptoms. The objective of the present study is to carry out an integrative bibliographic review in relation to its clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, associating it with risk groups, describing relevant points of the pathology, presenting adopted exams and describing therapeutic methods for the treatment. A literature review was carried out in publications of the type original scientific articles found through electronic databases SciELO, PUBMED, BVS, LILACS, Medline and GOOGLE ACADÊMICO, in English and Portuguese, published between 2006 and 2020, using criteria for inclusion and exclusion . 20 publications were found, of which 9 were included following the aforementioned criteria. Iron-deficiency anemia is considered an obstacle to public and global health because it affects fragile social strata in emerging countries. It is believed that adhering to healthy lifestyle habits, along with State support, can improve this problem and thus reduce the rate and prevalence of the disease.