Iron deficiency and infection

Abstract

Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. Children, particularly infants living in developing countries are highly vulnerable to infectious diseases. Therefore, understanding the relationship between iron deficiency and infection is of great importance. Iron deficiency is associated with impairment of innate (natural) immunity and cell mediated immunity, thereby contributing to increased risk of infections. The iron acquisition by the microbes and their virulence is determined by various host and microbial mechanisms. Altering these mechanisms might provide modes of future therapy for infectious diseases.

Prevalence of pediatric anemia in Dharwad district

“…Various other studies on prevalence of anaemia among children show wide range of prevalence from 85% by Kumar et al [4], to 13.6% by Muthayya et al [12]. Higher prevalence of anaemia was seen in areas without community intervention.…”

“…Two billion people worldwide are estimated to suffer from anaemia, approximately 50%of all anaemia's can be attributed to iron deficiency. [4] The prevalence of anaemia in developing countries is three to four times higher than that for developed countries. The problem is more extensive in South East Asia & Subtropical Africa where anaemia is linked to poverty.…”

Level of Macronutrients and Microelements of Blood Plasma in Different Forms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

“…All groups of protozoa, fungi, bacteria (other than non-pathogenic lactobacilli and Borrelia burgdorferi) need iron for their vital functions [16]. The binding of iron by transferrin and ferritin causes a decrease in bacterial growth [17]. An increase in the concentration of iron in the destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis is probably compensatory in nature, promoting the inactivation of toxic peroxide compounds, since iron is a constituent of catalase and peroxidase.…”

Macro- And Microelements of Blood Plasma in Pulmonary Tuberculosis

“…Все группы про стейших, грибов, бактерий (кроме непато генных лактобацилл и Borrelia burgdorfery) нуждаются в железе для сво ей жизнедеятельности [15]. Связывание железа трансферрином и ферритином вы зывает снижение роста бактерий [16]. Увеличение концентрации железа при де структивных формах туберкулеза легких вероятно носит компенсаторный характер, способствуя инактивации токсичных пе-рекисных соединений, так как железо входит в состав каталазы и пероксидазы.…”

“…All groups of protozoa, fungi, bacteria (except non-pathogenic lactobacilli and Borreliaburgdorfery) need iron for their vital activity [15]. Binding of iron with transferrin and ferritin causes reduction in bacterial growth [16]. In crease in concentration of iron in destructive forms of the pulmonary tuberculosis is probably of compensatory character promoting inactiva tion of toxic peroxide compounds, since iron is a constituent of catalase and peroxidase.…”