Iron Deficiency, a Risk Factor of Thyroid Disorders in Reproductive-Age and Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Luo, Jingyi; Wang, Xiaoxia; Li, Yuan; Guo, Lixin

doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.629831

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(36 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The undersupply of certain macro- and micronutrients appears to be a crucial risk factor for thyroid dysfunction [ 10 – 13 , 15 , 32 ]. Iron deficiency is one of the most common deficiency symptoms worldwide, which may manifest not only as iron deficiency anemia, but also in the form of low ferritin levels, thus negatively affecting thyroid metabolism [ 12 , 13 , 32 ]. This mainly happens through reduced thyroid hormone synthesis by the heme-dependent enzyme thyroid peroxidase (TPO) [ 11 , 12 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to dosimetric factors, deficiency symptoms of certain macro-and micronutrients may occur in the context of tumor-or treatment-related malnutrition, favoring the development of hypothyroidism [9]: Among these are iodine (important component of fT3 and fT4), iron (required for thyroid hormone formation) [9][10][11][12][13], selenium (regulation of the conversion of fT4 to fT3) [14], and amino acids (needed for the formation of free thyroid hormones) [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of nutritional counseling on thyroid disorders in head and neck cancer patients after (chemo)radiotherapy: results from a prospective interventional trial

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To analyze the impact of nutritional counseling on the development of hypothyroidism after (chemo)radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients to propose a new normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model. Materials and methods At baseline, at the end of (chemo)radiotherapy, and during follow-up, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with free thyroxin (fT3 and fT4), nutritional status, and nutrient intake were prospectively analyzed in 46 out of 220 screened patients. Patients received (chemo)radiotherapy within an intervention (individual nutritional counseling every 2 weeks during therapy) and a control group (no nutritional counseling). Results Overall median follow-up was 16.5 [IQR: 12; 22] months. Fourteen patients (30.4%) presented with hypothyroidism after 13.5 [8.8; 17] months. During (chemo)radiotherapy, nutritional status worsened in the entire cohort: body mass index (p < 0.001) and fat-free mass index (p < 0.001) decreased, calorie deficit (p = 0.02) increased, and the baseline protein intake dropped (p = 0.028). The baseline selenium intake (p = 0.002) increased until the end of therapy. Application of the NTCP models by Rønjom, Cella, and Boomsma et al. resulted in good performance of all three models, with an AUC ranging from 0.76 to 0.78. Our newly developed NTCP model was based on baseline TSH and baseline ferritin. Model performance was good, receiving an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.61–0.87), with a sensitivity of 57.1% and specificity of 96.9% calculated for a Youden index of 0.73 (p = 0.004; area = 0.5). Conclusion Baseline TSH and ferritin act as independent predictors for radiotherapy-associated hypothyroidism. The exclusion of such laboratory chemistry parameters in future NTCP models may result in poor model performance.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of nutritional counseling on thyroid disorders in head and neck cancer patients after (chemo)radiotherapy: results from a prospective interventional trial

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Iron deficiency significantly increases the risk of positive TPOAb and both positive TPOAb and TgAb in women of reproductive age. This study indicates that it is necessary to monitor the nutritional status of iron in AIT [ 97 ].…”

Section: Micronutrients In Htmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Characteristics of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients and the Role of Microelements and Diet in the Disease Management—An Overview

Mikulska

Karaźniewicz−Łada

Filipowicz

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism, in which damage to the thyroid gland occurs due to the infiltration of lymphocytes. It is characterized by increased levels of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. In this review, we present the metabolic profile, the effectiveness of micronutrient supplementation and the impact of dietary management in patients with HT. For this current literature review, the databases PubMed, Cochrane, Medline and Embase were reviewed from the last ten years until March 2022. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and clinical trials. Many patients with HT, even in the euthyroid state, have excess body weight, metabolic disorders, and reduced quality of life. Due to frequent concomitant nutritional deficiencies, the role of vitamin D, iodine, selenium, magnesium, iron and vitamin B12 is currently debated. Several studies have underlined the benefits of vitamin D and selenium supplementation. There is still no specific diet recommended for patients with HT, but a protective effect of an anti-inflammatory diet rich in vitamins and minerals and low in animal foods has been suggested. There is insufficient evidence to support a gluten-free diet for all HT patients. Pharmacotherapy, along with appropriate nutrition and supplementation, are important elements of medical care for patients with HT. The abovementioned factors may decrease autoantibody levels, improve thyroid function, slow down the inflammatory process, maintain proper body weight, relieve symptoms, and prevent nutritional deficiencies and the development of metabolic disorders in patients with HT.

show abstract

“…IDA deteriorates thyroid metabolism and retards the physical and mental development of both young and adult individuals. Based on several investigations, both ID and Anemia are interconnected with hypothyroidism which significantly increases serum TSH levels and decreases serum iron, serum ferritin, Free T4, transferrin, RBC count, and so on [14][15][16][17][18]. Ferritin is a universal protein that acts as an iron carrier, and serum ferritin level is negatively correlated with serum TSH levels [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies highly suggested the supplementation of vitamin D in case of hypothyroidism and Anemia, along with the high recommendation for the screening of the vitamin D deficiency in all hypothyroid patients [25,32]. It is practically required for monitoring iron nutritional status as it exaggerates thyroid disorders in reproductive age and pregnant women [14]. Thyroid dysfunctions must also be considered by physicians treating Anemia to ensure early detection and proper treatment [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of the Steroidal Calcitriol-Mediated Regulation of the Serological Components Responsible for IDA and TSH Disorders in Reproductive and Nonproductive Women

Azad¹,

Ahmed²,

Biswas³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anemia and thyroid disorders are global health issues that affect all ages but are more apparent in women. In this case, some serological components responsible for IDA and TSH disorders in women have been found actively regulated through a complex steroidal-calcitriol mediated pathway. This research has been investigated the correlation between Calcitriol and the serological components responsible for IDA and TSH disorders in childbearing and non-child-bearing women of different health conditions. Experimental sampling from 452 women suffering from both IDA and TSH disorders were taken, aged between 0 and 70 years. Serological parameters, such as iron, total iron-binding capacity and ferritin, were assessed for IDA profiling, whereas thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxin were for TSH profiling based on the individual’s serum calcitriol status. The resulted serological data were interpreted using sophisticated computer programming language and algorithms for quantitative biochemical analysis. The study resulted in a significant correlation between FT4 and Calcitriol (P<0.0001) for all age groups. TSH also showed strong interactions with the fluctuation of calcitriol level (P<0.0001), except for the children aged below 10 years (P<0.063). The iron, TIBC, TSH, and FT4 showed phenomenal regulation with the steroidal-calcitriol concentration for congenital patients. Unlike the others, ferritin has a substantial connection with Calcitriol (P<0.0064) fluctuation in the serum. To ratify, the concentrations of TSH, FT4, iron, TIBC, and ferritin were found to be significantly interconnected in terms of serum calcitriol level in women suffering from IDA and TSH disorders simultaneously. To understand the accuracy and efficacy of the Calcitriol in IDA and TSH disorders, some other inflammatory markers and parathyroid hormone analysis are need in future studies, besides a large number of samples.

show abstract

Iron Deficiency, a Risk Factor of Thyroid Disorders in Reproductive-Age and Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

The impact of nutritional counseling on thyroid disorders in head and neck cancer patients after (chemo)radiotherapy: results from a prospective interventional trial

The impact of nutritional counseling on thyroid disorders in head and neck cancer patients after (chemo)radiotherapy: results from a prospective interventional trial

Metabolic Characteristics of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Patients and the Role of Microelements and Diet in the Disease Management—An Overview

Quantitative Analysis of the Steroidal Calcitriol-Mediated Regulation of the Serological Components Responsible for IDA and TSH Disorders in Reproductive and Nonproductive Women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About