Iron-Catalyzed Inexpensive and Practical Synthesis of N-Substituted Pyrroles in Water

Abstract

S y n t h e s i s o f N -S u b s t i t u t e d P y r r o l e s i n W a t e rAbstract: An operationally simple, practical, and economical protocol for iron(III) chloride catalyzed Paal-Knorr pyrrole synthesis in water in good to excellent yields has been developed. Several Nsubstituted pyrroles are readily prepared from the reaction of 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran and aryl/alkyl, sulfonyl and acyl amines under very mild reaction conditions

Multicomponent reaction in deep eutectic solvent for synthesis of substituted 1-aminoalkyl-2-naphthols

“…In continuation of our ongoing research towards development of multicomponent reactions in novel and green reaction media [42][43][44][45][46], we describe herein the dual role of a widely studied deep eutectic solvent based on urea and choline chloride as catalyst and solvent for convenient synthesis of Betti bases.…”

Directed synthesis of potential antitumor substances among derivatives of 3-mercapto-4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-5-cyclohexyl-1,2,4-triazole(4H)

“…The simplest way, in our opinion, is to use Paal-Knorr pyrrole condensation of 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran with amines, which usually allows to synthesize N-substituted pyrroles under very mild reaction conditions in good to excellent yields [13].…”

Synthesis of 2,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrroles and 1,4-dihydro-tetraarylpyrazines using acidic alumina as a heterogeneous catalyst

“…A variety of classical methods have been reported for the synthesis of pyrroles, such as the Barton-Zard [10], Hantzsch [11], Knorr [12,13], Trofimov [14], Paal-Knorr [15,16], and Clauson-Kaas [17][18][19] reactions and their modifications. In addition, pyrroles have also been synthesized by the Huisgen reaction [20][21][22], cyclization of N-propargylic derivatives [23,24], including propargyl aziridines [25,26], through the cyclocondensation of vinyl azides with 1,3-dicarbonyls [27,28], transition-metal-catalyzed cyclization [29], [3 + 2] cycloadditions [30], and multi-component reactions [4,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], among various other alternatives.…”