Iron Carbides: Control Synthesis and Catalytic Applications in CO_x Hydrogenation and Electrochemical HER

Abstract

Catalytic transformation of COx (x = 1, 2) with renewable H2 into valuable fuels and chemicals provides practical processes to mitigate the worldwide energy crisis. Fe‐based catalytic materials are widely used for those reactions due to their abundance and low cost. Novel iron carbides are particularly promising catalytic materials among the reported ferrous catalysts. Recently, a series of strategies has been developed for the preparation of iron carbide nanoparticles and their nanocomposites. Control synthesis of FeCx‐based nanomaterials and their catalytic applications in COx hydrogenation and electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are reviewed. The discussion is focused on the unique catalytic activities of iron carbides in COx hydrogenation and HER and the correlation between structure and catalytic performance. Future synthesis and potential catalytic applications of iron carbides are also summarized.

Recent Advances in Plasmonic Nanostructures for Enhanced Photocatalysis and Electrocatalysis

“…Catalytic CO 2 reduction has drawn intensive research interest because it not only produces valuable fuels and chemicals, but also recycles the CO 2 generated from vehicle exhaust and industrial production. [ 86,121–124 ] Multiple products such as CO, HCOOH, CH 4 , olefins, and alcohols can be obtained through the CO 2 reduction process. [ 125–127 ] For plasmon‐driven photocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction, H 2 O, H 2 , or alkane can serve as the reducing agent and undergo distinct reaction mechanisms.…”

Catalytic Conversion of Carbon Oxides in Confined Spaces: Status and Prospects

“…As is mentioned as above, till now, many efforts have been made on developing highly-efficient and practical catalysts with outstanding catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability for CO x transformations, but it remains a challenge. From references, [2,[7][8][9][10][11][12]22,23] the catalysis in confined spaces has been regarded as a powerful strategy for improving catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability of heterogeneous catalysts for CO x conversion. Generally, the improving effect of thus confined spaces has been defined as the "confinement effect".…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, comprehensive review paper on promoted catalytic conversion of CO x in confined spaces is still lacking, although many review articles have been published on the preparation and applications of confinement catalysts for variety of transformations, [8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and also on the designing of various catalysts for selective conversion of CO x into fuels and high-value chemicals. [2,7,[9][10][11]22,23] The present review contributes to present the advances and prospect of the catalytic conversion of CO x into fuels and value-added chemicals in confined spaces. Especially, the specific promoting mechanism for selective conversion of CO x in confined spaces by confinement effect has been highlighted.…”

“…The continuously increasing emission of CO 2 greenhouse gas from consumption of fossil fuels leads to climate change and ocean acidification, whereas the CO 2 is also an abundant and low-cost C1 resource. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The selectively catalytic transformation of carbon oxide (CO x , including CO 2 and CO) into fuels and highvalue chemicals has attracted much attention in recent years. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Recently, although extensive studies have been devoted to catalytic transformation of CO x , the state-of-the-art development of catalysts for thus transformations of CO x to fuels and value-added chemicals for industrial applications is far from satisfactory.…”

Highly Selective Olefin Production from CO2 Hydrogenation on Iron Catalysts: A Subtle Synergy between Manganese and Sodium Additives

“…[2c-e] It has been widely accepted that Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 5 C 2 are the main active phases responsible for these two steps,r espectively,a nd are generally formed in situ on metallic Fe particles at the initial reaction stage. [5] As ac onsequence,t he precise mediation of these active phases and their intrinsic reactivity and selectivity becomes crucial to improve the performance of Fe catalysts in CO 2 hydrogenation, especially the selectivities to CO and CH 4 and the olefin/paraffin ratio among the C 2+ products at high CO 2 conversions.…”