Iron and trace elements in Dutch coastals sands

Eisma, D.; Das, H. A.; Hoede, D.; Raaphorst, J.G. van; Zonderhuis, J.

doi:10.1016/0077-7579(66)90007-x

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It might also be adsorbed from sea water. Eisma et al (1966) advanced the latter hypothesis to account for the' yellow brown coatings' they observed on marine sand grains. (These coatings are probably the same as the staining material recorded by the present authors.)…”

Section: Abrasion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Micro-organisms attached to marine sand grains

1968

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The distribution, abundance, and types of micro-organisms attached to littoral and sublittoral sand grains have been described. Micro-organisms are present in colonies, ranging from 5 to 150 cells per colony. Many colonies consist of one species. Some colonies are in or surrounded by staining material, others are on flat unstained surfaces. Colonies in staining material often occur in hollows. Large areas of surface between the colonies and staining material are completely bare. Evidence suggests that abrasion may stop micro-organisms colonizing flat or convex surfaces. On grains from the sediment surface, bacteria, blue-green algae (Cyanophyceae), and diatoms (Bacillariaceae) are common. The microbial flora may alter only slightly to depths of 15 cm below the sediment surface, or may change within a few mm. It is sparse towards high water, but differs little between lower littoral and sublittoral sands. The results are discussed in relation to substrate selection by marine invertebrates.

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Section: Abrasion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Micro-organisms attached to marine sand grains

1968

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“…Many beach and recent dune sands have inherited thin coat- ings of brown ferric hydroxide from their source areas (e.g. Eisma et al, 1966). The hydroxides are particularly concentrated in surface pits on the sand grains where they are protected from abrasion.…”

Section: Sources Of Iron Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature, origin and palaeoenvironmental significance of red coastal and desert dune sands

Gardner¹,

Pye²

1981

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Red and orange iron-stained sands of relatively recent age occur widely in both coastal dunefields and continental deserts in the tropics and subtropics. Red desert dune sands have been described from elsewhere ( Figure 1). Not all tropical and subtropical dunes are red, but in general aeolian red sands are more common in these areas than in temperate and high latitudes.The question of the nature and significance of red sediments in general has concerned geologists for many years, since reddening is often an important process associated with diagenesis, and because ancient red sediments occur widely in the geological record (Van Houten, 1973). The debate concerning red sediments has centred around two main questions; first, the nature of the climatic conditions which best favour reddening, and hence the palaeoclimatic inferences which can be drawn from fossil red beds; and, second, the role of time in the reddening process.Several authors have discussed these issues with reference to recent sediments in particular areas (e.g. Norris, 1969; Folk, 1976;Walker, 1979), but little attention has been given to patterns of reddening at the wider global scale.The purpose of this paper is to review the present state of knowledge regarding the nature, origin and palaeoclimatic significance of red dune sands within the context of late Quaternary environmental change. The paper is therefore concerned with reddening of sands under subaerial conditions rather than at high temperature and pressures. Processes of reddening during diagenesis have recently been reviewed by Walker (1976) and Turner (1980) in relation to the general problem of continental red beds. The discussion stems in part from recent investigations carried out by the authors on red dune sands in southern India and northeast Australia. These investigations will be described in more detail elsewhere. IThe nature of red dune sands .

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