Irisin levels correlate with energy expenditure in a subgroup of humans with energy expenditure greater than predicted by fat free mass

Swick, Andrew G.; Orena, Stephen; O’Connor, Annalouise

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2013.02.012

Cited by 80 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, our results did not show any significant difference in the RMR between two clusters groups. Indeed, such result is in line with previous studies (35,36), which also not observed the relation between FNDC5/irisin levels and rest energy expenditure in humans. The methodology for evaluating the rest energy expenditure in the current study has been validated previously (24), but it is a mix of direct and indirect tests, and perhaps the use of only direct methods or tests to evaluate the percentage of energy substrates used during rest would results in significant difference between groups, because several factors can interfere in that variable.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Obese with higher FNDC5/Irisin levels have a better metabolic profile, lower lipopolysaccharide levels and type 2 diabetes risk

Bonfante

Chacon-Mikahil

Brunelli

et al. 2017

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: Thus, the aim of this study was to compare if higher or smaller fibronectin type 3 domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin levels are associated with inflammatory and metabolic markers, caloric/macronutrient intake, physical fitness and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in obese middle-aged men, and also to correlate all variables analyzed with FNDC5/irisin. Subjects and methods: On the basis of a cluster study, middle-aged obese men (IMC: 31.01 ± 1.64 kg/m²) were divided into groups of higher and smaller levels of FNDC5/irisin. The levels of leptin, resistin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 and 10 (IL6, IL10), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance and sensibility, lipid profile, risk of T2DM development, body composition, rest energy expenditure, caloric/macronutrient intake and physical fitness were measured. Results: The higher FNDC5/ irisin group presented improved insulin sensibility (homeostasis model assessment -sensibility (HOMA-S) (p = 0.01) and QUICKI index (p < 0.01)), insulin (p = 0.02) and triglyceride levels (p = 0.01), lower insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment -insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p = 0.01), triglycerides/glucose (TYG index) (p = 0.02), neck circumference (p = 0.02), risk of T2DM development (p = 0.02), tendency to decrease serum resistin (p = 0.08) and significant lower LPS levels (p = 0.02). Inverse correlations between FNDC5/irisin and body weight (r -0.46, p = 0.04), neck circumference (r -0.51, p = 0.02), free fat mass (r -0.49, p = 0.02), triglycerides (r -0.43, p = 0.05) and risk of developing T2DM (r -0.61, p = 0.04) were observed. Conclusions: These results suggest that higher FNDC5/irisin levels in obese middle-aged men are related to a better metabolic profile and lower risk of T2DM development and serum LPS, a potential inducer of insulin resistance. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2017;61(6):524-33

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Obese with higher FNDC5/Irisin levels have a better metabolic profile, lower lipopolysaccharide levels and type 2 diabetes risk

Bonfante

Chacon-Mikahil

Brunelli

et al. 2017

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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“…Irisin promotes brown fatlike development and thermogenesis in WAT both in vitro and in vivo. The discovery of irisin has created an opportunity to further understand the role of adipocytes in obesity, diabetes, and other associated metabolic disorders (12,13,26,27). However, the molecular mechanisms and cellular signaling pathways responsible for the browning effect of irisin have not been elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irisin Stimulates Browning of White Adipocytes Through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 MAP Kinase and ERK MAP Kinase Signaling

et al. 2014

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The number and activity of brown adipocytes are linked to the ability of mammals to resist body fat accumulation. In some conditions, certain white adipose tissue (WAT) depots are readily convertible to a ''brown-like'' state, which is associated with weight loss. Irisin, a newly identified hormone, is secreted by skeletal muscles into circulation and promotes WAT "browning" with unknown mechanisms. In the current study, we demonstrated in mice that recombinant irisin decreased the body weight and improved glucose homeostasis. We further showed that irisin upregulated uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1; a regulator of thermogenic capability of brown fat) expression. This effect was possibly mediated by irisin-induced phosphorylation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathways. Inhibition of the p38 MAPK by SB203580 and ERK by U0126 abolished the upregulatory effect of irisin on UCP-1. In addition, irisin also promoted the expression of betatrophin, another newly identified hormone that promotes pancreatic b-cell proliferation and improves glucose tolerance. In summary, our data suggest that irisin can potentially prevent obesity and associated type 2 diabetes by stimulating expression of WAT browning-specific genes via the p38 MAPK and ERK pathways.

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“…Like leptin, irisin has attracted considerable attention because it has been proposed to have therapeutic potential for obesity and diabetes and to improve life expectancy. However, in a manner similar to leptin, irisin circulating concentrations [51][52][53] as well as its expression in muscle and adipose tissue [20,54] is increased in obesity, which suggests potential irisin resistance [55] as occur with leptin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between circulating irisin levels and the promotion of insulin resistance during the weight maintenance period after a dietary weight-lowering program in obese patients

et al. 2014

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Objective. Weight regain is associated with the promotion of insulin resistance. The newly discovered myokine irisin, which was proposed to be involved in the management of insulin sensitivity, could play a role in this process. This study aimed to investigate the association between irisin and reduced insulin sensitivity induced by weight regain.Materials/Methods. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated according to the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 136 obese patients who followed an eight-week hypocaloric diet (30% reduced energy expenditure) to lose weight and were reevaluated four or six months after treatment. Irisin plasma levels, as well as the levels of leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and TNF-α, were quantified in a sub-cohort (n=73) from the initially studied patients at baseline (T0), at the diet endpoint (T1) and after the follow-up period (T2).Results. After a successful dietary intervention to lose weight, 50% of the patients who regained the lost weight during the follow-up period were categorized as insulin resistant (HOMA-IR≥2.5) compared with only 25% of patients who maintained the weight loss (p=0.018). Importantly, in addition to the well-studied hormones leptin and adiponectin, irisin plasma levels were statistically associated with several risk factors for insulin resistance.Indeed, the increased risk of insulin resistance during the follow-up period was related to high irisin levels at baseline (odds ratio=4.2; p=0.039).Conclusions. Circulating irisin predicts the insulin resistance onset in association with weight regain. Therefore, irisin could be secreted as an adaptive response to counteract the deleterious effect of excess adiposity on glucose homeostasis.

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Irisin levels correlate with energy expenditure in a subgroup of humans with energy expenditure greater than predicted by fat free mass

Cited by 80 publications

References 19 publications

Obese with higher FNDC5/Irisin levels have a better metabolic profile, lower lipopolysaccharide levels and type 2 diabetes risk

Obese with higher FNDC5/Irisin levels have a better metabolic profile, lower lipopolysaccharide levels and type 2 diabetes risk

Irisin Stimulates Browning of White Adipocytes Through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase p38 MAP Kinase and ERK MAP Kinase Signaling

Association between circulating irisin levels and the promotion of insulin resistance during the weight maintenance period after a dietary weight-lowering program in obese patients

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