Iris Changes at Patients With Temporоmandibular Joint Diseases and Urinary System Pathology

Abstract

Relevance. In recent years, many have been devoted to the problem of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases, in which the attention is paid to the widespread pathology of TMJ in young people, which develops against the background of the genetically-determined weakness of connective tissue (CTs), which is also the present occurrence of various concomitant diseases of polygenic-multifactorial nature, including the organs of the urinary system (US).
 The study of the state of the iris is used as a screening technique that allows you to quickly, simply, harmlessly, informatively, painlessly, non-invasively diagnose the genetically determined structural and functional state and quality of the CTs.
 Objective. To investigate the iris changes in patients with TMJ and US diseases, to reveal the dependence of the occurrence of degenerative-dystrophic and destructive-inflammatory changes in the joints and US on the structural and functional state of the CTs, to supplement the known traditional methods of diagnosing genetically determined CTs weakness.
 Materials and methods. The study involved 54 patients (men – 14, women – 40), whose average age was 37.3±7.6 years, who were treated at the Dental Medical Center of the Bogomolets NMU. Control group – 22 patients (men – 10, women – 12) without general somatic pathology, with a physiological bite, without signs of TMJ diseases, whose average age was 25.7±6.8 years. Main group – 22 patients (men – 4, women – 28) with TMJ diseases and US pathology, whose average age was 31.6±7.7 years.
 Iridobiomicroscopy was performed in patients of both groups. Iridogenetic constitutional signs were determined: the color of eyes, constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover, type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck, the density of iris stoma.
 The obtained laboratory data were referenced in the International System of Units and processed by variational statistics using MedStat and EZR v.1.35 (Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan, 2017), which is a graphical interface to RFSC (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).
 Results. Among the examined patients with TMJ diseases and MVS pathology, 75% showed predominantly light eye color and V degree (46.9%) of iris stroma density, in the control group: dark iris color (54.5%) and II degree (68.2%) of iris density.
 Iridogenetic constitutional signs of the CT weakness in the patients with TMJ diseases have been determined: the light color of eyes, radial-lacunar constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover (75%), lymphatic constitutional type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck (57,9%).
 Structural local or chromatic changes of the iris stroma in the projection region of the kidney (75%) and bladder (43.6%) in young patients with TMJ diseases showed a congenital weakness of the CTs of these organs and a tendency to develop pathology of the US.
 Conclusions. Patients with degenerative-dystrophic and destructive-inflammatory diseases of the TMJ and concomitant US pathology are characterized by iridogenetic constitutional signs of the CTs weakness in the patients with TMJ diseases have been determined: the light color of eyes, radial-lacunar constitutional type after E.S. Velkhover, low degree of iris stroma density, lymphatic constitutional type with the connective tissue weakness after I. Deck.
 Structural local or chromatic changes of the iris stroma in the projection region of the kidney and bladder in young patients with TMJ diseases showed a congenital weakness of the CTs of these organs and a tendency to develop pathology of the US.
 It can be assumed that the development of TMJ diseases in young patients is based on dysplastic changes in the CTs system, which is additionally manifested in the examined patients by pathological changes in the US.
 Iridobiomicroscopy, as a screening technique for determining the structural and functional state of CTs, makes it possible to increase the accuracy of diagnostics when examining patients with TMJ diseases who have concomitant pathology of internal organs, including US.