Iridoschisis—A Systematic Review

Abstract

Iridoschisis is a rare condition defined as a separation of the anterior iris stroma from the posterior stroma and muscle layers. In this paper, we review current data about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics and differential diagnoses of this condition and discuss the specificity of surgical treatment of concomitant ocular diseases in iridoschisis patients. Iridoschisis may pose a challenge for both an ophthalmologist in an outpatient setting and an ophthalmic surgeon. Glaucoma, primarily angle-closure glaucoma, is the most often described condition concomitant to iridoschisis. Other ocular abnormalities found relatively often in iridoschisis patients include cataract, lens subluxation and corneal abnormalities. Special attention has been paid to potential complications of cataract surgery and prevention thereof. Beside addressing the practical aspects, we point to discrepancies and suggest topics for further investigation.

A case report on cataract surgery in eyes with bilateral inferior iridoschisis

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al. , 2020; Schmitt, 1922; Loewenstein & Foster, 1945; Seth et al.…”

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al, 2020;Schmitt, 1922;Loewenstein & Foster, 1945;Seth et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2017;Gogaki, Tsolaki, Tiganita, Skatharoudi, & Balatsoukas, 2011) although Pegu, Jain, and Dubey (2020) observed that the average age of presentation was 49 years or the fifth decade (Pegu et al, 2020).…”

A case report on cataract surgery in eyes with bilateral inferior iridoschisis

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al. , 2020; Schmitt, 1922; Loewenstein & Foster, 1945; Seth et al.…”

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al, 2020;Schmitt, 1922;Loewenstein & Foster, 1945;Seth et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2017;Gogaki, Tsolaki, Tiganita, Skatharoudi, & Balatsoukas, 2011) although Pegu, Jain, and Dubey (2020) observed that the average age of presentation was 49 years or the fifth decade (Pegu et al, 2020).…”

Iridoschisis misdiagnosed as acute angle-closure glaucoma: a case report and literature review

“…Iridoschisis occurs mostly in patients of 60 to 70 years of age, and its etiology is still unclear. Angle-closure glaucoma is a common problem associated with iridoschisis, whereas corneal endothelial decompensation is relatively rare, as previously reported [3][4][5][6] . Other complications include cataracts, lens dislocation, keratoconus, and syphilitic interstitial keratitis [3][4][5][6] .…”

“…Angle-closure glaucoma is a common problem associated with iridoschisis, whereas corneal endothelial decompensation is relatively rare, as previously reported [3][4][5][6] . Other complications include cataracts, lens dislocation, keratoconus, and syphilitic interstitial keratitis [3][4][5][6] . Generally, iridoschisis without complications does not need treatment.…”

Weather as a possible risk factor for massive ocular decompression retinopathy: A case report

“…The most common concomitant abnormality is angle-closure glaucoma, followed by corneal and lens disorders. 9 The described coincidence suggests that further observations of this entity can reveal its potential influence on the regulation of ocular blood flow.…”

A case report on cataract surgery in eyes with bilateral inferior iridoschisis

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al. , 2020; Schmitt, 1922; Loewenstein & Foster, 1945; Seth et al.…”

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al, 2020;Schmitt, 1922;Loewenstein & Foster, 1945;Seth et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2017;Gogaki, Tsolaki, Tiganita, Skatharoudi, & Balatsoukas, 2011) although Pegu, Jain, and Dubey (2020) observed that the average age of presentation was 49 years or the fifth decade (Pegu et al, 2020).…”

Iridoschisis misdiagnosed as acute angle-closure glaucoma: a case report and literature review

“…Iridoschisis occurs mostly in patients of 60 to 70 years of age, and its etiology is still unclear. Angle-closure glaucoma is a common problem associated with iridoschisis, whereas corneal endothelial decompensation is relatively rare, as previously reported [3][4][5][6] . Other complications include cataracts, lens dislocation, keratoconus, and syphilitic interstitial keratitis [3][4][5][6] .…”

“…Angle-closure glaucoma is a common problem associated with iridoschisis, whereas corneal endothelial decompensation is relatively rare, as previously reported [3][4][5][6] . Other complications include cataracts, lens dislocation, keratoconus, and syphilitic interstitial keratitis [3][4][5][6] . Generally, iridoschisis without complications does not need treatment.…”

Weather as a possible risk factor for massive ocular decompression retinopathy: A case report

“…The most common concomitant abnormality is angle-closure glaucoma, followed by corneal and lens disorders. 9 The described coincidence suggests that further observations of this entity can reveal its potential influence on the regulation of ocular blood flow.…”

A case report on cataract surgery in eyes with bilateral inferior iridoschisis

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al. , 2020; Schmitt, 1922; Loewenstein & Foster, 1945; Seth et al.…”

“…The diagnosis of iridoschisis was made based on the clinical appearance, age of onset, laterality and whether the condition is progressive or with co-existent ACG. Similar to this, studies have revealed that the sixth to seventh decades of life are when iridoschisis typically manifests (Pieklarz et al, 2020;Schmitt, 1922;Loewenstein & Foster, 1945;Seth et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2017;Gogaki, Tsolaki, Tiganita, Skatharoudi, & Balatsoukas, 2011) although Pegu, Jain, and Dubey (2020) observed that the average age of presentation was 49 years or the fifth decade (Pegu et al, 2020).…”

Iridoschisis misdiagnosed as acute angle-closure glaucoma: a case report and literature review

“…Iridoschisis occurs mostly in patients of 60 to 70 years of age, and its etiology is still unclear. Angle-closure glaucoma is a common problem associated with iridoschisis, whereas corneal endothelial decompensation is relatively rare, as previously reported [3][4][5][6] . Other complications include cataracts, lens dislocation, keratoconus, and syphilitic interstitial keratitis [3][4][5][6] .…”

“…Angle-closure glaucoma is a common problem associated with iridoschisis, whereas corneal endothelial decompensation is relatively rare, as previously reported [3][4][5][6] . Other complications include cataracts, lens dislocation, keratoconus, and syphilitic interstitial keratitis [3][4][5][6] . Generally, iridoschisis without complications does not need treatment.…”

Weather as a possible risk factor for massive ocular decompression retinopathy: A case report

“…The most common concomitant abnormality is angle-closure glaucoma, followed by corneal and lens disorders. 9 The described coincidence suggests that further observations of this entity can reveal its potential influence on the regulation of ocular blood flow.…”