Iran’s Strategic Thinking: The Evolution of Iran’s Foreign Policy, 1979-2018

Kozhanov, Nikolay

doi:10.2307/j.ctv4ncnvz

Cited by 7 publications

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“…Since most of the opposing professors and students were fired during the Cultural Revolution, the common belief is that the further attempts to oppress the professors after the reopening of the universities loosened (Keddie and Richard, 2006, p. 257;Kozhanov, 2018). In contrast, there are documents and narratives (see Esmaili, 2010) which reveal that exerting pressure to force the younger generation of professors to obey the new regularities increased in the following years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confessions of a Green Notebook: Reading Unpublished Documents About the Oppression of Iranian Archaeology Professors During the 1980s

Papoli-Yazdi

2023

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A couple of months after the 1979 revolution of Iran, the universities were occupied by the Islamists who oppressed dissident academics drastically. Two years after the revolution, the headquarter of the Cultural Revolution was established, and universities were shuttered to be purified from any other ideology except Islamism. Due to the heavy censorship of the regime, very little is known about the documents and process of oppression during and after the occupation of the universities. In 2010, the author gained access to a ‘green notebook’ found in a trashcan at the University of Tehran, which contains informal minutes of several meetings held by the Islamic Association of Students (IAS). As a direct practice of oppression, IAS had the mission to report the behaviors of the professors working in the department of archaeology to authorities. In this article, the author elucidates the process of oppression of archaeology professors through reading documents of the ‘green notebook.’

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confessions of a Green Notebook: Reading Unpublished Documents About the Oppression of Iranian Archaeology Professors During the 1980s

Papoli-Yazdi

2023

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“…

When the then-major of Tehran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, unexpectedly won the elections in 2005, many people wondered who he actually was. Even the then-supreme leader Khamenei allegedly supported him only after he passed the second round (Kozhanov, 2018). The Ahmadinejad period witnessed increased confrontation with the US and 'the Western world' 1 in general, mainly due to the president's bid to create a more independent Iran, securing the country's right to possess nuclear energy, and develop closer relations with the non-Western and non-European world.

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confidence: 99%

Does Leadership Matter? Ahmadinejad, Rouhani, and the Change in Iranian Foreign Policy

Luleci Sula

2024

Türkiye Ortadoğu Çalışmaları Dergisi

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Following Rouhani's victory in the 2013 presidential elections, Iran's foreign policy (IFP) underwent significant changes after over a decade under Ahmadinejad. To date, only a few academic studies have attempted to incorporate a specific individual-level theory into their respective analyses, even though a large body of literature contends that leadership change is the decisive factor in differences in Iran's policy towards the US and the EU. This study analyzes the leadership styles of Ahmadinejad and Rouhani to reveal the possible impact of decision-maker personalities on foreign policy, and to develop an account of the moderation in IFP. Accordingly, it asks, “How does leadership style influence IFP towards the 'Western world'?" Theoretically, the study benefits from Hermann’s ‘Leadership Trait Analysis’ to find out the impact of leaders’ personalities on foreign policy behaviors of states. Empirically, it analyzes both presidents’ spontaneously selected political speeches, consisting of their answers in interviews and press conferences. Methodologically, the study utilizes the software Profiler Plus to assess individual traits of leaders. Interpreting leadership trait scores of two presidents, the study concludes that certain leadership features allow the construction of foreign policies that are more moderate.

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“…Arguably, these invasions empowered Iran's regional position, and provided the regime with unexpected opportunities of implementing its vision of a proactive foreign policy. 2 The strong Iranian presence in the neighbouring Kurdistan Region of Iraq since the 1990s, and then in the rest of Iraq, allows the argument that Iran's role in Iraq has played a crucial rule in realising the Islamic Republic of Iran's vision of a proactive foreign policy. As result of Iran's strong influence on the affairs of Iraq's Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), the KDPI and Komala were forced into exile deep inside Iraqi Kurdistan, far from the border with Iran.…”

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confidence: 99%