IR spectral analysis for the diagnostics of crust earthquake precursors

Abstract

Abstract. Some possible physical processes are analysed that cause, under the condition of additional ionisation in a pre-breakdown electric field, emissions in the infrared (IR) interval. The atmospheric transparency region of the IR spectrum at wavelengths of 7-15 µm is taken into account. This transparency region corresponds to spectral lines of small atmospheric constituents like CH 4 , CO 2 , N 2 O, NO 2 , NO, and O 3 . The possible intensities of the IR emissions observable in laboratories and in nature are estimated. The acceleration process of the electrons in the pre-breakdown electrical field before its adhesion to the molecules is analyzed. For daytime conditions, modifications of the adsorption spectra of the scattered solar emissions are studied; for nighttime, variations of emission spectra may be used for the analysis.

ZAM distribution analysis of radiowave ionospheric propagation interference measurements

“…Events that are not in close proximity to the receiver, can at most produce disturbances in stations that are in the same bearing as the seismic event in question, as it has been shown in previous studies [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], concerning a variety of methods and disturbances. In the case of this particular seismic event, which took place near the receiver, a disturbance is evident across the signals of all the stations and especially the VLF stations and provides a clear pattern to pinpoint and detect the precursor phenomena of a seismic event in the area close to the receiving antenna.…”

“…Agreat amount of research in the last twenty years by means of ground-based experiments [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], spaceborn studies [18], [19], [20] and combined space-born and ground-based studies [21], [22] as well, indicate the existence of pre-, co-and post-earthquake ionospheric perturbations at all ionospheric layer levels (D, E and F layers).…”

A qualitative study of seismic-ionospheric precursor phenomena monitored by a very close to the epicenter VLF and LF receiver

“…A great amount of research in the last twenty years by means of ground-based experiments Contadakis et al, 2007Contadakis et al, , 2008Contadakis et al, , 2011Contadakis et al, , 2012Hayakawa, 2011;Hayakawa et al, 2011;Liperovsky et al, 2005;Molchanov et al, 2005;Righetti et al, 2012;Rozhnoi et al, 2004Rozhnoi et al, , 2009Shvets et al, 2004;Skeberis et al, 2012;Xenos, 2009, 2010;Umarkhodgaev et al, 2012), space-born studies (Boudjada et al, 2008;Hayakawa et al, 2000;Li et al, 2012;Molchanov et al, 2006;Nemec et al, 2009;Parrot et al, 2006;Stangl et al, 2011) and combined spaceborn and ground-based studies (Muto et al, 2008;Rozhnoi et al, 2007) as well, indicate the existence of pre-, co-and post-earthquake disturbances at all the ionospheric layer levels (D, E and F layers).…”

Detecting seismic IR anomalies in bi-angular Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer data

“…The latest advancements in lithospheric-atmospheric-ionospheric models provide a possible explanation for the origin of these phenomena (Pulinets and Boyarchuk, 2004;Pulinets and Ouzounov, 2011;Liperovsky et al, 2005Liperovsky et al, , 2008Liperovsky et al, , 2011Umarkhodgaev et al, 2012), permitting us to explore possible new studies of the spatial and temporal variability of remote sensing data before and during major earthquakes.…”