1984
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(84)80198-9
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IR absorption spectroscopic identification of electroactive and electroinactive polyaniline films prepared by the electrochemical polymerization of aniline

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Cited by 338 publications
(113 citation statements)
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“…Bands at 1174 and 613 cm À1 derive from the presence of sulphate ions in the ®lm [30], which have a high intensity since the polymerisation was carried out in sulphuric acid. It is dif®cult to estimate the extent to which sulphonic groups incorporated in the polymer contribute to the bands found in the spectra, since the position and number of the characteristic bands for benzenesulphonic acids [29,30] changes from monomer to polymer and may overlap those typically found for sulphate anions.…”
Section: Ir Spectroscopymentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Bands at 1174 and 613 cm À1 derive from the presence of sulphate ions in the ®lm [30], which have a high intensity since the polymerisation was carried out in sulphuric acid. It is dif®cult to estimate the extent to which sulphonic groups incorporated in the polymer contribute to the bands found in the spectra, since the position and number of the characteristic bands for benzenesulphonic acids [29,30] changes from monomer to polymer and may overlap those typically found for sulphate anions.…”
Section: Ir Spectroscopymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is dif®cult to estimate the extent to which sulphonic groups incorporated in the polymer contribute to the bands found in the spectra, since the position and number of the characteristic bands for benzenesulphonic acids [29,30] changes from monomer to polymer and may overlap those typically found for sulphate anions. This is demonstrated by the fact that n(SO 3 ±) is at 1113 and 617 cm À1 for 4,4-diaminodiphenylamine sulphate [31] and n(SO 3 ±) is at 1230, 1206, 1064, 1027 and 558 cm À1 for 2-aminobenzenesulphonic acid and at 1157, 1124, 1034, 682 and 558 cm À1 for 4-aminobenzenesulphonic acid [32].…”
Section: Ir Spectroscopymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Segundo alguns autores, a primeira etapa de polimerização envolve a oxidação da anilina formando o cátion radical, sendo as etapas pos-teriores, de acoplamento, fortemente dependentes do pH 12 . Em condições ácidas prevalece o acoplamento cabeça-cauda, que favorece a formação do dímero predominante no processo de polimerização da PAni condutora, p-aminodifenilamina (ADPA) 22,23 . À medida que o pH do sistema aumenta, tornando-se neutro, observam-se evidên-cias da formação de ligações N-N, sugerindo o acoplamento cabeça-cabeça 23 .…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Em condições ácidas prevalece o acoplamento cabeça-cauda, que favorece a formação do dímero predominante no processo de polimerização da PAni condutora, p-aminodifenilamina (ADPA) 22,23 . À medida que o pH do sistema aumenta, tornando-se neutro, observam-se evidên-cias da formação de ligações N-N, sugerindo o acoplamento cabeça-cabeça 23 . De fato, compostos do tipo hidrazobenzeno e azobenzeno podem ser obtidos da oxidação da anilina em meio básico 24 .…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…[8][9][10][11][12] However, PAN only exhibits electrochemical activity under acidic conditions, normally pH < 4. 13,14 This greatly restricts its applications, especially in bioelectrochemistry, which normally requires a neutral pH environment. In order to enhance the chemical and physical properties of PAN, acidic groups have been introduced into the PAN chain to form self-doped PAN, which can maintain its electrochemical activity in neutral, or even basic solutions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%