Iprodione degradation by isolated soil microorganisms

Mercadier, Christine; Véga, Danielle; Bastide, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00403.x

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…However, previous studies indicate that this is unlikely to be a common occurrence (Cohen et al 1999). Instead, it is more likely that the chemicals are degraded by microbial action (Mercadier, Vega & Bastide 1997;Armbrust 2001) and the most probable site where this occurs is the thatch layer in a golf green (Sigler et al 2000). This layer of undecomposed plant material occurs at the soil surface and in some cases can be several centimetres deep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fungicide levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in golf putting greens

Bary

Gange

Crane

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Annual meadow grass Poa annua is the most problematic weed within sports turf in temperate climates. It is so abundant that herbicides cannot be used against it because almost total loss of the sward would occur. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can be used as biological control agents of P. annua , acting to reduce its growth while increasing that of desirable perennial grasses. However, natural levels of AM fungi in amenity turf are very low. Sports turf is characterized by high fungicide usage, so this study tested the hypothesis that levels of toxic elements (derived from historical fungicide applications) and / or organic fungicides are related to the low mycorrhizal abundance observed. 2. Records of fungicide applications to putting greens at four golf courses in south-east England were collected for the period 1993-2000. Soils from all 18 putting greens on each course were sampled during spring 2000. Levels of arsenic, cadmium, copper and lead were recorded, as these elements formed part of the fungicidal compounds applied in the past. Of the organic fungicides in current use, chlorothalonil, fenarimol and iprodione were found to comprise more than 70% of all compounds used and soil levels of these three chemicals were also measured. Levels of AM colonization of P. annua were recorded at every putting green. The rates of AM colonization of desirable grasses could not be obtained because these were too rare in all the swards examined. 3. There was little evidence that the abundance of AM fungi, as measured by arbuscular colonization of roots, was affected by the presence of any of the chemicals. Levels of all elements were below the ambient levels for UK soils. 4. Chlorothalonil, fenarimol and iprodione were applied to a single putting green over a 6-month period but no effects on AM colonization were found. Synthesis and applications.We have demonstrated that the low levels of AM fungi in putting greens are unlikely to be a consequence of excessive fungicide application. Levels of compounds applied in the last 20 years are very low and modern fungicides do not reduce existing AM colonization when applied to turf. Therefore, if AM fungi are added to sports turf to control P. annua , their effectiveness will not be compromised by current or past fungicide use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fungicide levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in golf putting greens

Bary

Gange

Crane

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…These authors reported that B. thiooxidans and S. Paucimobilis degraded lindane after 3 days of aerobic incubation. Mercadier et al (1997) reported that 50% of fungicide iprodione was degraded by bacterial isolated from soil as Pseudomonas sp. Atrazine, monocrotophos, alachlor and 4-chlorophenol have been degraded also by soil microorganism (Westerberg et al, 2000;Bhadbhade et al, 2002;Strong et al, 2002).…”

Section: Degradation Of Pesticides By Soil Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Aspects Involved in the Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Díez

2010

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

134

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Worldwide use of pesticide has increased dramatically during the last two decades. As a consequence, pesticide residues and their transformation products are frequently found in groundwater and surface waters. This review summarizes information about polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), some chlorophenols; it mainly empathizes on pesticides, their incorporation into the environment, microorganisms involved in their degradation and, some physicochemical aspects of pesticides behavior in soils. Details about residues of pesticides in groundwater and superficial water found in some foreign countries and in Chile are reported, as well. The fungal degradation of organic pollutants (xenobiotics) is considered as an effective method to remove these pollutants from the environment by a process which is currently known as bioremediation. Therefore, the degradation of pesticides by soil microorganisms with particular attention to white-rot fungi is also addressed. Finally, a simple and effective system (biobed) to minimize environmental contamination from pesticide manipulation, especially when filling the spraying equipment, a typical point source of contamination, is presented here.

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“…The decline in iprodione residues coincided with prolonged soil and air temperatures greater than 0°C, suggesting that any such additional factors may be influenced by temperature. It is well established that both iprodione (Walker, 1987;Mercadier et al, 1997;Zadra et al, 2006) and chlorothalonil (Motonaga et al, 1998;Singh et al, 2002) are rapidly degraded by microorganisms in the soil. Less research has been conducted on phyllosphere impacts on fungicide persistence and the results of those studies have often been conflicting (Lukens & Ou, 1976;Frederick et al, 1996;Sigler et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have been identified as organisms that readily metabolize iprodione to its primary metabolite, 3,5-dichloroaniline (Mercadier et al, 1997;Zadra et al, 2006). A number of studies suggest that repeated applications of iprodione may lead to increased degradation rates in the soil, presumably due to the build-up of organisms that rapidly metabolize the parent compound (Walker, 1987;Mercadier et al, 1997;Garcia-Cazorla & Xirau-Vayreda, 1998). Sigler et al (2003), however, did not observe enhanced biodegradation of iprodione on turfgrass foliage over a period of eight applications, instead concluding that sorption and plant uptake drove depletion rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snow cover has variable effects on persistence of fungicides and their suppression of microdochium patch on amenity turfgrass

2015

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Fungicides applied to turfgrass in temperate climates prior to snowfall are expected to suppress fungal diseases such as microdochium patch (Microdochium nivale) until infection conditions become unfavourable the following spring. However, mild winters with inconsistent snow cover may alter fungicide persistence and render the turf more susceptible to fungal infection. This study was conducted to determine the effect of snow cover on the persistence of the fungicides chlorothalonil and iprodione applied to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), maintained as a golf course fairway. The fungicides were applied 1 day prior to the first accumulating snowfall in Madison, Wisconsin, for four consecutive winters, beginning in 2009/10. Fungicide treatments were kept under continuous snow cover or maintained free of snow cover the entire winter to determine the effect of snow cover on fungicide persistence (2010/11 to 2012/13) and microdochium patch development in a controlled environment chamber (2009/10 to 2012/13). Iprodione concentration was not impacted by snow cover in 2010/11 but was reduced under snow cover relative to bare turf in 2011/12 and 2012/13. Chlorothalonil concentration was not impacted by snow cover in 2011/12 but was greater under snow cover in 2012/13. Microdochium patch severity in the controlled environment chamber was not impacted by snow cover with either fungicide in 2009/10 or 2011/12 but was slightly reduced under snow cover with both fungicides during 2010/11 and 2012/13. The majority of fungicide depletion occurred shortly after rainfall or snowmelt events, except in 2010/11 when both fungicides rapidly depleted during a warming trend without rainfall.

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Iprodione degradation by isolated soil microorganisms

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Fungicide levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in golf putting greens

Fungicide levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in golf putting greens

Biological Aspects Involved in the Degradation of Organic Pollutants

Snow cover has variable effects on persistence of fungicides and their suppression of microdochium patch on amenity turfgrass

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