IPMC Based Flexible Platform: A Boon to the Alternative Energy Solution

Abstract

The ameliorating urge for energy in consonance with the descending environment and attenuation of natural resources leads to the development of alternate energy storage. Realistically, flexible, portable, and lightweight energy storage devices have immense popularity for accessible transportation. In this context, this chapter analyses a possible solution to the problems described aforesaid on IPMC (Ionic Polymer Metal Composite) membranes. Also, this chapter includes porosity induced electrolyte polymer membrane by MCP of Nafion enhances electrical harvesting attribution. The novel and transportable ocean kinetic energy converting platform by IPMC membrane was fabricated and applied for energy conversion. The etching and surface sanding advances the surface area of IPMC to escalate the gas generation rate as an electrolyser. The functionalised infiltrated Nafion nanocomposite membranes are fabricated and analysed for DMFC performance and methanol permeability. Perfluorosulfonic acid polymer electrolyte membranes gained more attention in the former epoch for vast applications in energy, chloro-alkali electrolytes, OER, and polymer electrolyte fuel cells. The direct methanol fuel cell is an excellent alternative to PEFC for managing liquid fuel and higher energy density at low operational temperatures. Nevertheless, polymer electrolyte membranes and direct methanol fuel cells are potential contenders for circulated power and transferable power applications; the substantial technical, scientific, and economic difficulties must be elucidated beforehand commercialisation.

Preparation, Characteristics, and Application of Biopolymer Materials Reinforced with Lignocellulosic Fibres

“…Rechargeable energy storage systems are similarly in high demand in the current environment. Activated porous carbon that is derived from lignocellulose-based biowaste materials serves as a superior electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors [126]. Additionally, this demonstrated its flexibility, high mechanical strength, low cost, and sustainability in flexible electronics.…”

1.6 V Flexible Supercapacitor Enabled by rGO-Iron Vanadium Oxide (FeVO3) as an Anode and mw-CNT-Nickel Copper Oxide (Ni4CuO5) as a Cathode with High-Performance Energy Storage

“…Moreover, binary TMOs based on vanadium are exhibited as environmentally and chemically stable in solid electrolytes along with the variable oxidation states of the vanadium atom . On the other hand, to enhance the conductivity and reactivity of nickel and copper oxide material electrodes, researchers have imposed comprehensive investigations, such as growing nickel copper oxide straight to current collectors or combining with a diversified carbon matrix to find incessant electron transportation, manipulating the morphology to boost electron pathways, and incorporating the lattice defects to realize the number of active centers with amended conductivity . Due to the advantages of diverse morphologies, higher conductivity, and chemically stable carbon matrix materials, − the fabrication of composites can effectively improve conductivity and structural consistency.…”

Flexible High-Energy-Density 4.3 V Supercapacitor Based on a Trimetallic Sulfide Cathode and a Bimetallic Sulfide-Polypyrrole Anode with an Ionic Liquid Gel Polymer Electrolyte

“…Because of their high theoretical storage capacity, metal sulfides have emerged as promising options for pseudocapacitor electrodes . Furthermore, S 2 – ions in metal sulfide have a larger interlayer spacing than similar metal oxides, which aids in better conductivity and superior intercalation/deintercalation of OH – ions. , Numerous metal sulfides, such as CoS, FeS 2 , CuS, NiS, MnCo 2 S 4 , NiCo 2 S 4 , CuCo 2 S 4 , etc., have been described as supercapacitor electrode materials on account of their exceptional electrochemical possessions, abundant redox reactions, complex chemical configurations, and synergistic effects. , Because of their variable oxidation state and increased electrical conductivity, mixed metal sulfides offer electrochemical characteristics superior to those of metal sulfides. They are auspicious materials for electrodes due to their low cost, environmentally friendly nature, higher theoretical capacity, higher conductivity, and robust electrochemical activity, among other desirable qualities .…”

“…8,9 Numerous metal sulfides, such as CoS, 10 FeS 2 , 11 CuS, 12 NiS, 13 MnCo 2 S 4 , 14 NiCo 2 S 4 , 15 CuCo 2 S 4 , 16 etc., have been described as supercapacitor electrode materials on account of their exceptional electrochemical possessions, abundant redox reactions, complex chemical configurations, and synergistic effects. 17,18 Because of their variable oxidation state and increased electrical conductivity, mixed metal sulfides offer electrochemical characteristics superior to those of metal sulfides. They are auspicious materials for electrodes due to their low cost, environmentally friendly nature, higher theoretical capacity, higher conductivity, and robust electrochemical activity, among other desirable qualities.…”