“…We have found two relevant papers. The first approach, called IPclip (Widiger et al, 2008), requires hardware support and changes to the way that an ISP operates. The second approach, called Clue (Afanasyev et al, 2011), adds identification information in software.…”
“…We have found two relevant papers. The first approach, called IPclip (Widiger et al, 2008), requires hardware support and changes to the way that an ISP operates. The second approach, called Clue (Afanasyev et al, 2011), adds identification information in software.…”
“…Usually packet tracing is used for such purpose but this is not always possible because of the different hops (between the attacker and the victim) that are under different security policies which may or not allow traceback. Regarding spam, in [5] the concept of Trust-by-Wire is introduced together with the IPclip mechanism which augments emails with location information that can be used for spam filtering together with other anti-spam mechanisms.…”
The effectiveness of synthetic coordinate systems against DoS and spam stems from the fact that, while changing or hiding a logical address is easier, changing the location of the spammer inside the network should be harder. But synthetic coordinate systems are limited by the fact that malicious nodes can easily lie about their position or introduce additional delays which have an immediate impact on it. For this purpose, we enhance the synthetic coordinate system provided by Vivaldi with secure nonces that are periodically broadcasted by trusted servers to achieve a provable location claim within the overlay network. As we advocate in this work, secure localization can help in choosing the hardness of PoWs since locations from which more malicious traffic originates can receive PoWs with higher difficulties.
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