IP Routing and Transmission Analysis in Optical CDMA Networks: Coherent Modulation With Incoherent Demodulation

Multiservice, multirate IP transmission over OCDMA network

“…Such a procedure considerably decreases the encoder adjusting time, since encoders are adjusted for the number of packets belonged to the same user rather than being tuned individually for every incoming IP packet [2]. Moreover, the control unit records the total traffic of each subpart and sends the packets whenever the total traffic is larger than a predefined threshold.…”

“…Since a collision might occur whenever two or more transmitters send data at the same time to the same receiver, a code sense unit has to be used to avoid these collisions. It should be mentioned that as each IP packet is buffered only twice at the edge of the optical network, the buffer delay is significantly reduced when compared to traditional routing schemes where IP packets are buffered at each hop [2].…”

“…These aspects most certainly will become an essential challenge for future optical networks [1]. IP has been the dominant protocol to deliver the recent multimedia applications services [2] and will continue to grow at an exponential rate as the demand for multimedia services across the Internet continues to expand. Nonetheless, IP routing operates electrically in the network layer and cannot be processed at a speed that matches the huge transmission capacity provided by optical fiber [2].…”

“…IP has been the dominant protocol to deliver the recent multimedia applications services [2] and will continue to grow at an exponential rate as the demand for multimedia services across the Internet continues to expand. Nonetheless, IP routing operates electrically in the network layer and cannot be processed at a speed that matches the huge transmission capacity provided by optical fiber [2]. A potential solution to this challenging shortcoming has been proposed in [3], where we investigated a multirate, multiclass optical packet switch (OPS).…”

“…However, like any emerging technology, there are still a few drawbacks to be addressed in OPS, such as contention resolution, to emerge it as a successful technology. Currently, optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) has become an attractive technology in all-optical networking, particularly due to features like easy addition of new users, possibility of differentiated-QoS at the physical layer, and support to bursty and asynchronous networks traffic, i.e., IP traffic nature [1], [2], [4]. In addition, OCDMA provides more immunity to packet collisions than dynamic bandwidth allocation in time-division multiple-access schemes [5].…”