IoT-Enabled Water Distribution Monitoring: A Sensor-Based Analytical Model

Abstract

Water service providers are confronted with multifaceted challenges ranging from ensuring service quality to addressing technical issues such as pipeline leaks. Manifestations of such leaks are often detected through diminished water pressure, yet the monitoring systems employed by these providers remain suboptimal. Traditional methodologies for identifying and inspecting distribution issues rely heavily on manual, analog procedures. This study seeks to harness the Internet of Things (IoT) for the development of an enhanced water distribution monitoring system. Employing a quantitative experimental methodology, the proposed system integrates an Arduino Uno microcontroller with sensors for water pressure, flow, and GPS location. Data captured by these sensors is synchronized with the Thinger.io platform via an ESP-32 module, facilitating real-time monitoring. Upon evaluation, it was observed that IoT implementation via Thinger.io could effectively track fluctuations in water discharge and pressure. Recorded data revealed a maximum water discharge of 303 liters, with water pressure values ranging from a low of 0.30 bar to a high of 4.07 bar. The outcome of this research is a visual monitoring framework that provides a dynamic assessment of water discharge and pressure, enabling water service providers to conduct routine evaluations with enhanced precision. This IoT-based approach not only streamlines the monitoring process but also introduces a level of automation that could significantly improve service reliability for drinking water infrastructures.