IoT Device Lifecycle – A Generic Model and a Use Case for Cellular Mobile Networks

Soós, Gábor; Kozma, Dániel; Janky, Ferenc Nándor; Varga, Pál

doi:10.1109/ficloud.2018.00033

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The three main pillars of the systems approach in Industry 4.0 are digital manufacturing, supply chain networks, and product lifecycle management, which interact and influence each other. Real-life cases of this approach are presented in work [10], showing results where digital manufacturing resources, distributed by supply chain network (including warehousing and logistics tasks) [11], and product lifecycle stages can also be monitored through its digital footprint [12]. Within the above pattern, paradigms such as Sustainability, Manufacturing Networks, Smart Manufacturing, the Internet of Things, and Digital Twins have formed [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Literature Review 21 Smart City Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

BelBuk System—Smart Logistics for Sustainable City Development in Terms of the Deficit of a Chemical Fertilizers

Grunt¹,

Błażejewski

Pecolt

et al. 2022

Energies

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Purpose: This paper presents an aspect of asset tracking and storage conditions. This paper aims to fill the gap in the development of Industry 4.0 in terms of fully digital asset tracking to be implemented by medium and large-size manufacturing and logistics facilities. The article presents an innovative technology for the remote monitoring of chemical raw materials, including fertilizers, during their storage and transport from the place of manufacture to the local distributor or recipient. Methods: The method assumes the monitoring and identification of special transport bags, so-called “big-bags,” through embedded RFID tags or LEB labels and monitoring the key parameters of their content, i.e., temperature, humidity, insolation, and pressure, using a measuring micro-station that is placed in the transported raw material. Results: The automation of inference based on the collected information about the phenomenon in question (the distribution of parameters: pressure, temperature, and humidity), and expert knowledge, allows the creation of an advisory system prototype indicating how to manage the measuring devices. Conclusions: No similar solution in the field of monitoring environmental parameters has been implemented in the Polish market. The developed system enables the monitoring of 10,000 pieces of big bags in at least 30 locations simultaneously.

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Section: Literature Review 21 Smart City Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

BelBuk System—Smart Logistics for Sustainable City Development in Terms of the Deficit of a Chemical Fertilizers

Grunt¹,

Błażejewski

Pecolt

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…The starting point of a product's lifecycle is named the Beginning of Life (BoL). This main stage usually includes the basic phases of the product to be developed, from the idea to its deployment [95]. In the COBIT 5 terminology, the "Information" and "Plan and Organise" domains deal with the initialization phase, where the emphasis is on the best usage of information and technology reaching the company's goals and objectives.…”

Section: Beginning Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

System of Systems Lifecycle Management—A New Concept Based on Process Engineering Methodologies

2021

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In order to tackle interoperability issues of large-scale automation systems, SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) principles, where information exchange is manifested by systems providing and consuming services, have already been introduced. However, the deployment, operation, and maintenance of an extensive SoS (System of Systems) mean enormous challenges for system integrators as well as network and service operators. The existing lifecycle management approaches do not cover all aspects of SoS management; therefore, an integrated solution is required. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new lifecycle approach, namely the SoSLM (System of Systems Lifecycle Management). This paper first provides an in-depth description and comparison of the most relevant process engineering methodologies and ITSM (Information Technology Service Management) frameworks, and how they affect various lifecycle management strategies. The paper’s novelty strives to introduce an Industry 4.0-compatible PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) model and to extend it to cover SoS management-related issues on well-known process engineering methodologies. The presented methodologies are adapted to the PLM model, thus creating the recommended SoSLM model. This is supported by demonstrations of how the IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) applications and services can be developed and handled. Accordingly, complete implementation and integration are presented based on the proposed SoSLM model, using the Arrowhead framework that is available for IIoT SoS.

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“…However in practical IoT deployment scenarios, real-life working conditions can introduce the need for replacement [Bonvoisin et al, 2012] due to aging of components leading to the accelerated death of nodes. This is likely to contribute to the already increasing number of abandoned IoT zombie devices due to poor life-cycle management [Soós et al, 2018], especially in outdoor environments with corrosion and varying temperature-humidity conditions. Shortened effective lifetime for consumer IoT edge devices can also arise due to hardware, software or psychological obsolescence [Lehmann and Hamilton, 2010].…”

Section: End-of-life Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generic IoT device life-cycle models are proposed in [Soós et al, 2018, Rahman et al, 2018 but even though they are helpful for a better understanding of the different key steps in the life-cycle of an IoT device, they do not provide quantitative results to model the direct impacts of IoT devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the embodied carbon footprint of IoT edge devices with a bottom-up life-cycle approach

Pirson,

Bol

2021

Preprint

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In upcoming years, the number of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices is expected to surge up to tens of billions of physical objects. However, while the IoT is often presented as a promising solution to tackle environmental challenges, the direct environmental impacts generated over the life cycle of the physical devices are usually overlooked. It is implicitly assumed that their environmental burden is negligible compared to the positive impacts they can generate. Yet, because IoT calls for a massive deployment of electronic devices in the environment, life-cycle assessment (LCA) is an essential tool to leverage in order to avoid further increasing the stress on our planet. Some general LCA methodologies for IoT already exist but quantitative results are still scarce. In this paper, we present a parametric framework based on hardware profiles to evaluate the cradle-to-gate carbon footprint of IoT edge devices. We exploit our framework in three ways. First, we apply it on four use cases to evaluate their respective production carbon footprint. Then, we show that the heterogeneity inherent to IoT edge devices must be considered as the production carbon footprint between simple and complex devices can vary by a factor of more than 150×. Finally, we estimate the absolute carbon footprint induced by the worldwide production of IoT edge devices through a macroscopic analysis over a 10-year period. Results range from 22 to 562 MtCO2-eq/year in 2027 depending on the deployment scenarios. However, the truncation error acknowledged for LCA bottom-up approaches usually lead to an undershoot of the environmental impacts. We compared the results of our use cases with the few reports available from Google and Apple, which suggest that our estimates could be revised upwards by a factor around 2× to compensate for the truncation error. Worst-case scenarios in 2027 would therefore reach more than 1000 MtCO2-eq/year. This truly stresses the necessity to consider environmental constraints when designing and deploying IoT edge devices.

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IoT Device Lifecycle – A Generic Model and a Use Case for Cellular Mobile Networks

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

BelBuk System—Smart Logistics for Sustainable City Development in Terms of the Deficit of a Chemical Fertilizers

BelBuk System—Smart Logistics for Sustainable City Development in Terms of the Deficit of a Chemical Fertilizers

System of Systems Lifecycle Management—A New Concept Based on Process Engineering Methodologies

Assessing the embodied carbon footprint of IoT edge devices with a bottom-up life-cycle approach

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