IoT-based smart cities: a bibliometric analysis and literature review

Abstract

Modern cities face many challenges related to globalisation, metropolisation and digitalisation. The smart city concept, which has been gaining popularity in recent years, is considered an answer to their needs. One of the paradigms of modern smart cities is the Internet of Things. This article aims to identify the main research directions and trends in the scientific literature in the field of Internet-of-Things-based smart cities. The author of the paper conducted a bibliometric analysis of publications from 2012–2021, collected from the Web of Science, Scopus and IEEE Xplore databases. The methodology includes: (i) the selection of databases and key words, (ii) defining search criteria, (iii) data export, creation of an aggregate database and record selection, and (iv) the analysis of the results and identification of the major research trends. The study involved 1019 publications. The last stage of the research process identified the leading countries, institutions, journals, and authors in terms of publication activity, as well as the most frequently occurring terms. The key word analysis allowed identifying five main research directions: IoT application domains in smart cities, IoT architecture for smart cities, energy, security and privacy and data. Within each area, the main research themes have been identified, and selected publications have been reviewed.

Worldwide Research on Open Innovation in SMEs

“…These maps allow a close analysis of the structure from its nuclear (co-occurrence of keywords), meso (co-citation of cited authors) and peripheral (co-citation of cited journals) parts [91,99]. Various academic disciplines implement this software to analyse cognitive structures [100][101][102][103][104][105].…”

Methods of Multi-Criteria Analysis in Technology Selection and Technology Assessment: A Systematic Literature Review

“…A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis are the most popular approaches in scientific research for uncovering emerging trends and identifying authors and institutions most engaged in certain Engineering Management in Production and Services scientific fields or journals that affect the analysed subject the most (Donthu et al, 2021). Many researchers indicate main research directions or areas based on systematic literature review results (in chosen scope) (Glińska & Siemieniako, 2018;Hamzeh & Xun, 2019;Alcácer et al, 2019;Szum, 2021), research gaps (Hajduk, 2017;Winkowska et al, 2019;Szpilko et al, 2020;Ciani et al, 2022;Michalski et al, 2022) or opportunities and directions for further research (Halicka, 2017;Siemieniako et al, 2021;Belezas & Daniel, 2022;Sun et al, 2022). Many useful tools and software were developed (e.g., Gephi or VOSviewer) to analyse a set of database records resulting from searching the scientific repositories.…”

The Desirable Systemic Uncertainty in Complex IoT Sensor Networks—General Anticipatory Foresight Perspective

“…In the traditional view, a complex system is a system with multiple parts interacting, usually on a feedback basis, and affecting the subsequent new properties and behaviors of that system. Such a system has an important component in the form of unavoidable uncertainty conditioned by the following reasons: (1) the inability to measure the initial conditions of the system with infinite precision [1], (2) the difficulty of determining the ideal/expected value of such a system, and (3) the difficulty of accurately determining the future state of the system.…”

“…The main research object in this paper is the systemic uncertainty of the complex Internet of Things (IoT) sensor network as a subsystem of Industry 4.0 [2]. The high level of developmental dynamism of the IoT network determines the study of this area mainly in the future context-on the principle of feedforward correction capabilities.…”

“…However, it is possible to determine the range of all alternatives in a given research context. (2) The future is stochastic because it is usually analyzed in the form of several scenarios. For example, with regard to IoT quantum security cryptosystems we deal with the following alternative scenarios: pre-quantum, post-quantum, and hybrid models [64][65][66][67].…”