Ionospheric temperatures at sunspot minimum

Geisler, J. E.; Bowhill, S. A.

doi:10.1016/0021-9169(65)90011-5

Cited by 114 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…1, may be omitted without any serious error. We have also neglected photoelectron escape loss, since such nonlocal effects are small below 350 km (Geisler andBowhill, 1965, Stubbe, 1971). …”

Section: Utjasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diurnal heat budget of the thermosphere

Chandra

Sinha

1973

Planetary and Space Science

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Section: Utjasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diurnal heat budget of the thermosphere

Chandra

Sinha

1973

Planetary and Space Science

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“…The problem of photoelectron escape has also been studied in connection with the thermal structure of' the ionosphere and the plasmasphere [Geisler and Bowhill, 1965a The theoretical problem under consideration is the determination of the photoelectron distribution in a magnetic field tube in the ionosphere above ,--120 km. For a number of physical and computationaI reasons it has been found to be convenient, however, to calculate the photoelectron distribution in the ionosphere below a certain altitude (usually taken theoretically demonstrated by Lejeune and Wormset [1976].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoelectron flux buildup in the plasmasphere

Mantas¹,

Carlson²,

Wickwar³

1978

J. Geophys. Res.

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Processes which confine photoelectrons to the plasmasphere (e.g., collisional backscattering from the thermosphere and magnetic trapping due to pitch angle redistribution through Coulomb collisions in the plasmasphere) tend to increase the steady state photoelectron flux in the plasmasphere above the amplitude level that would otherwise have been attained. Theoretical calculations are presented of steady state photoelectron fluxes in the plasmasphere, for specified atmospheric and ionospheric conditions. (Observational plasma line intensity data for these conditions exist and will be compared elsewhere.) General features of the angular distribution are presented and compared with observations. The transparency of the plasmasphere and the backscattering properties of the thermosphere are investigated. The buildup effect due to collisional backscatter alone is calculated, and the combined buildup effect of pitch angle diffusion and backscatter is estimated. It is found that the inclusion of these effects increases the steady state photoelectron flux amplitude in the plasmasphere by about 50% over the value obtained when the buildup effects are neglected. The calculated steady state photoelectron fluxes in the plasmasphere are in good agreement with the available observations.

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“…Evans [1967] assumed that above 225 km only O + ions are present, enabling the temperature at these altitudes to be obtained unambiguously. At lower heights, it was assumed that T• = T,, where T,• is the neutral temperature, since there is a good theoretical basis for this [Dalgarno et al, 1963[Dalgarno et al, , 1967[Dalgarno et al, , 1968Geisler and Bowhill, 1965;Nagy et al, 1969]. It was next assumed that T,• followed the law…”

Section: Range Of Values Of T• T• and P Using A• -305 To Representmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of E‐Region Ion Concentration and Composition by Incoherent Scatter Radar

Evans¹,

Oliver²

1972

Radio Science

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This paper reviews the use of the incoherent scatter radar technique for studies of the E-region ion concentration and composition. A number of existing incoherent scatter radars are capable of securing profiles of ion concentration in the E region with a height resolution of 1 or 2 km by integrating the signals for several minutes. The advantage of these measurements is the ease with which a continuous time history may be secured. The height resolution is probably open to improvement by using coded pulses, but this remains to be attempted. The technique is of less value in studying the ion composition; and to date, only the relative abundance of atomic (O +) to molecular (principally NO + and On +) ions has been deduced from incoherent-scatter measurements. Even here it has usually been necessary to adopt a model for the ion temperature as a function of altitude. Nevertheless, these composition measurements clearly show a seasonal variation of the O?N: ratio in the thermosphere which is believed to be responsible for the seasonal anomaly in F-region density. Recently, the accuracy of the measurements and the data reduction procedures have been improved to the point where the relative ion abundance can be determined over the altitude interval 120-200 km, given only that this be a continuous smooth function.

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Ionospheric temperatures at sunspot minimum

Cited by 114 publications

References 11 publications

The diurnal heat budget of the thermosphere

The diurnal heat budget of the thermosphere

Photoelectron flux buildup in the plasmasphere

The Study of E‐Region Ion Concentration and Composition by Incoherent Scatter Radar

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