Ionophore–gold nanoparticle conjugates for Ag+-selective sensors with nanomolar detection limit

Abstract

We report on the synthesis and trace analytical application of ionophore-gold nanoparticle conjugates as a basis of a new concept in confining ionophores to ion-selective membranes using inert nanoparticle carriers.

One-pot Preparation of Creatinine-functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Colorimetric Detection of Silver Ions

“…In particular, functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have become emerging material for the detection of Ag + due to their high extinction coefficient and distance-dependent optical properties. To date, cytosine-(C)-rich oligonucleotide, Tween-20, pyridines, and ionophore-functionalized AuNPs have been reported for the detection of Ag + [6][7][8][9]. However, these functionalized AuNPs suffer from low water solubility, multistep organic synthesis, high cost, and unstable structure.…”

Dithizone Modified Gold Nanoparticles Films as Solid Contact for Cu2+ Ion‐Selective Electrodes

“…The benefits of application of nanostructurized materials can be related to improved/novel type receptors [12][13][14][15][16][17] and exploring these structures as constructional elements [e.g., 2,3,6-10]. Different materials have been tested including carbon nanostructurized materials like carbon nanotubes [e.g., [1][2][3] and recently graphene [18,19], metal nanoparticles including platinum [5], gold modified with tailored ion-selective ligand [20] or thiol-sulfur group containing ligand molecules, e.g. dithizone [21].…”

“…dithizone [21]. Introduction of these structures allowed potentiometric determination of analytes that can hardly be accessed using this technique before [e.g., 12,17] and has led to improvement of important parameters of sensing membranes like stability and lifetime [20] or selectivity [21]. In the latter case of presence of e.g.…”

Applications of nanomaterials in potentiometric sensors

“…For example, Gyurcsányi et al [48] fabricated ionophore-AuNP conjugates based on the self-assembly of the Ag + -selective ligand onto the surface of AuNPs. The conjugates were incorporated into the ion-selective membrane to develop the Ag + -ISEs with nanomolar LODs.…”