Ionomic response ofLotus japonicusto different root-zone temperatures

Abstract

The effects of root-zone temperature (RZT) on the ion uptake, distribution and interactions of 21 (11 essential and 10 non-essential) elements using Lotus japonicus were studied. After acclimation in hydroponics at ambient (25 C) RZT for three weeks, seedlings were exposed to sub-optimal (15 C and 20 C) and ambient RZTs. After one week, plants were harvested and then growth and mineral elements were analyzed. The highest shoot and root biomass was at 25 C and lowest at 15 C RZT. In shoots, the highest concentrations of all elements, except for nickel (Ni), were at 25 C RZT. At lower RZTs, the reductions in concentrations were more evident especially for trace elements and heavy metals. Except for magnesium (Mg), the highest root concentrations were at 15 C RZT for all essential elements. Unlike other non-essential elements, the highest cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) concentrations in roots were at 25 C RZT. The shoot/root ratios of almost all elements were affected by sub-optimal RZTs. Only manganese (Mn) and Co showed increased shoot/root ratio at sub-optimal RZTs; and this ratio decreased for other elements. Nickel in shoots and Mn, Co and Cd in roots tended to be negatively correlated with most other elements (either, essential or non-essential) in each respective organ. The present study showed that RZT significantly changed the ion profile of L. japonicus and suggests possible connection between global warming and phytoaccumulation of heavy metals, especially in temperate regions, since most metals tended to accumulate in shoots at higher RZT.

Effects of Root Cooling on Plant Growth and Fruit Quality of Cocktail Tomato during Two Consecutive Seasons

“…And this optimal point is around 25°C based on the different cultivars and light conditions [106]. Concentrations of ions in the fruits were influenced by root uptake, transport from root to shoot, and dilution effect caused by growth as well [107]. Considering the reduction in fresh biomass of fruits in our studies, the dilution effects by growth could be excluded.…”

Varietal difference in radiocesium uptake and transfer from radiocesium deposited soils in the genusAmaranthus

“…4). The amount of cesium that accumulates in a plant is affected by many factors, such as temperature (Quadir et al 2011), precropping (Sha et al 2013) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) enrichment (Song et al 2012), but the detailed physiological backbone is still unclear. The uptake of Cs (and other non-essential elements) is sensitive to changes in the environmental factor(s), and the most important environmental factor is radiocesium content of the soil, in this case.…”

Effects of Acid Soils on Plant Growth and Successful Revegetation in the Case of Mine Site

“…Finally, they were dried at 60°C for 72 hours and pulverized using mortar and pestle by each part of the plants. 0.25 g of each part of the samples were digested by 5 mL of a mixture of 61% nitric acid (HNO 3 ) and 35% hydrochloric acid (HCl) at a ratio of 3:1 at 110°C in a DigiPREP Jr. (SCP Science, Quebec, Canada) until they were completely digested with reference to the method by Quadir et al [11]. In the case that they were not dissolved in the mixture, 1 mL of the mixture was added and the dissolution process was repeated.…”

“…Moreover, the leachate from the bottom of the pots was taken every week to monitor the change of pH. At the end of the vegetation test, each part of the plants was digested by the acids in the same way as in Section 2.1 [11]. On the basis of the concentration of Al, B, Fe, Mn, S, and Zn in each part of the plants, the effect of the elements on plant growth over time was elucidated.…”