Ionizing Radiation, Antioxidant Response and Oxidative Damage: Radiomodulators

Obrador, Elena; Montoro, Alegría

doi:10.3390/antiox12061219

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Finally, induced electrical currents will vary with the rate of change of the applied time-variant magnetic field. Ionizing frequencies of EMFs (>10 16 Hz; X-ray range, also see Figure 1) have been hypothesized to exert detrimental effects over cells and organisms due to enhanced oxidative stress largely arising from the radiolysis of water (superoxide anion (O2 •− ), hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrated electron (e − (aq)), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)) [175]. Although X-ray radiation is outside the frequency range commonly used for EMF developmental studies, signal frequency would need to be taken into consideration when designing magnetic field protocols for best developmental outcomes.…”

Section: Elf-emf Parameters That Influence Cell Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…•− ), hydroxyl radical (•OH), hydrated electron (e − (aq) ), and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )) [175]. Although X-ray radiation is outside the frequency range commonly used for EMF developmental studies, signal frequency would need to be taken into consideration when designing magnetic field protocols for best developmental outcomes.…”

Section: Magnetic Nanoparticles and Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Harmonizing Magnetic Mitohormetic Regenerative Strategies: Developmental Implications of a Calcium–Mitochondrial Axis Invoked by Magnetic Field Exposure

Franco-Obregón

2023

Bioengineering

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Mitohormesis is a process whereby mitochondrial stress responses, mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), act cumulatively to either instill survival adaptations (low ROS levels) or to produce cell damage (high ROS levels). The mitohormetic nature of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure thus makes it susceptible to extraneous influences that also impinge on mitochondrial ROS production and contribute to the collective response. Consequently, magnetic stimulation paradigms are prone to experimental variability depending on diverse circumstances. The failure, or inability, to control for these factors has contributed to the existing discrepancies between published reports and in the interpretations made from the results generated therein. Confounding environmental factors include ambient magnetic fields, temperature, the mechanical environment, and the conventional use of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Biological factors include cell type and seeding density as well as the developmental, inflammatory, or senescence statuses of cells that depend on the prior handling of the experimental sample. Technological aspects include magnetic field directionality, uniformity, amplitude, and duration of exposure. All these factors will exhibit manifestations at the level of ROS production that will culminate as a unified cellular response in conjunction with magnetic exposure. Fortunately, many of these factors are under the control of the experimenter. This review will focus on delineating areas requiring technical and biological harmonization to assist in the designing of therapeutic strategies with more clearly defined and better predicted outcomes and to improve the mechanistic interpretation of the generated data, rather than on precise applications. This review will also explore the underlying mechanistic similarities between magnetic field exposure and other forms of biophysical stimuli, such as mechanical stimuli, that mutually induce elevations in intracellular calcium and ROS as a prerequisite for biological outcome. These forms of biophysical stimuli commonly invoke the activity of transient receptor potential cation channel classes, such as TRPC1.

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Section: Elf-emf Parameters That Influence Cell Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Nanoparticles and Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%