Ionizing Radiation and Translation Control: A Link to Radiation Hormesis?

Kabilan, Usha; Graber, Tyson E.; Alain, Tommy; Klokov, Dmitry

doi:10.3390/ijms21186650

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Subclinical tumors that are undetectable on CT have contributed to debate in the recognition of the carcinogenic capacity of IR 1,23 . Multiple studies have described a time interval of 2-7 years from exposure to IR to a diagnosis of cancer, generating uncertainty about the duration of the latent phase between radiation exposure and the development of neoplastic processes 15,34,35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ionizing radiation (IR) is the energy transported through rays emitted by radioactive material, X-ray emitters, or tomographs. Radiation from alpha and beta particles, X-rays, and gamma rays provokes a biological response due to the ionization of cellular molecules 1 . Depending on the dose and time of radiation exposure, IR increases the risk of developing cancer, as it interacts with DNA, generating mutations and triggering pro-carcinogenic metabolic pathways 1,2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of ionizing radiation secondary to computed tomography on the development of neoplasms: A scoping review

Tuta-Quintero¹,

Collazos-Bahamon²,

Orozco-Bejarano³

et al. 2022

GAMO

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Ionizing radiation (IR), energy transported through rays, and particles emitted can increase the risk of developing cancer. We conducted a scoping review using PubMed and Scopus about association between radiation exposure when performing a computed tomography (CT) scan and the risk of developing a malignant and/or benign neoplastic process. Some 17 retrospective cohort studies and two cross-sectional studies were included in the study. The malignant tumors associated with IR included leukemia and brain, thyroid, head, and neck cancer, mainly in patients under 18 years of age exposed to more than two CT scans of the head, chest, and abdominopelvic regions. Therefore, the studies described a higher risk of developing cancer in subjects exposed to the IR of a CT, with a focus on the pediatric population, female gender, and repeated exposures. It is necessary to conduct a greater number of clinical studies that include a longer follow-up time, broader types of neoplasms, and population-based subgroup analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ionizing radiation secondary to computed tomography on the development of neoplasms: A scoping review

Tuta-Quintero¹,

Collazos-Bahamon²,

Orozco-Bejarano³

et al. 2022

GAMO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From a mechanistic point of view, it can be concluded that DDR and DNA repair pathways (p53, ATM and PARP), antioxidant response (Nrf2 pathway), cell survival/apoptotic death pathways, endoplasmic stress response (UPR), immune/inflammatory response (NF-κB pathway autophagy (mitophagy)) and cell cycle regulation (cyclin B1/CDK1 complex) are implicated in adaptive responses [ 244 ] as well as the translational machinery [ 245 ].…”

Section: Ionizing Radiation (Ir) Effects Involving Mitochondriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mitochondria in Radiation Responses: Epigenetic, Metabolic, and Signaling Impacts

Averbeck

Rodriguez-Lafrasse

2021

IJMS

100

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Until recently, radiation effects have been considered to be mainly due to nuclear DNA damage and their management by repair mechanisms. However, molecular biology studies reveal that the outcomes of exposures to ionizing radiation (IR) highly depend on activation and regulation through other molecular components of organelles that determine cell survival and proliferation capacities. As typical epigenetic-regulated organelles and central power stations of cells, mitochondria play an important pivotal role in those responses. They direct cellular metabolism, energy supply and homeostasis as well as radiation-induced signaling, cell death, and immunological responses. This review is focused on how energy, dose and quality of IR affect mitochondria-dependent epigenetic and functional control at the cellular and tissue level. Low-dose radiation effects on mitochondria appear to be associated with epigenetic and non-targeted effects involved in genomic instability and adaptive responses, whereas high-dose radiation effects (>1 Gy) concern therapeutic effects of radiation and long-term outcomes involving mitochondria-mediated innate and adaptive immune responses. Both effects depend on radiation quality. For example, the increased efficacy of high linear energy transfer particle radiotherapy, e.g., C-ion radiotherapy, relies on the reduction of anastasis, enhanced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and immunogenic (antitumor) responses.

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“…Low dose is generally defined as <100 mGy while low dose rate is <6 mGy/h [ 1 ]. Signalling mechanisms induced by low doses determine responses of cells tissues and organisms [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Non-targeted effects (NTE), which include the bystander effect and delayed non-clonal expression of reproductive death, mutation and chromosomal aberrations dominate the response after low doses [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introduction To Low Dose and Non-targeted Radiobiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Dose and Non-Targeted Radiation Effects in Environmental Protection and Medicine—A New Model Focusing on Electromagnetic Signaling

Mothersill

Cocchetto

Seymour

2022

IJMS

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The role of signalling in initiating and perpetuating effects triggered by deposition of ionising radiation energy in parts of a system is very clear. Less clear are the very early steps involved in converting energy to chemical and biological effects in non-targeted parts of the system. The paper aims to present a new model, which could aid our understanding of the role of low dose effects in determining ultimate disease outcomes. We propose a key role for electromagnetic signals resulting from physico-chemical processes such as excitation decay, and acoustic waves. These lead to the initiation of damage response pathways such as elevation of reactive oxygen species and membrane associated changes in key ion channels. Critically, these signalling pathways allow coordination of responses across system levels. For example, depending on how these perturbations are transduced, adverse or beneficial outcomes may predominate. We suggest that by appreciating the importance of signalling and communication between multiple levels of organisation, a unified theory could emerge. This would allow the development of models incorporating time, space and system level to position data in appropriate areas of a multidimensional domain. We propose the use of the term “infosome” to capture the nature of radiation-induced communication systems which include physical as well as chemical signals. We have named our model “the variable response model” or “VRM” which allows for multiple outcomes following exposure to low doses or to signals from low dose irradiated cells, tissues or organisms. We suggest that the use of both dose and infosome in radiation protection might open up new conceptual avenues that could allow intrinsic uncertainty to be embraced within a holistic protection framework.

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Ionizing Radiation and Translation Control: A Link to Radiation Hormesis?

Cited by 19 publications

References 155 publications

Impact of ionizing radiation secondary to computed tomography on the development of neoplasms: A scoping review

Impact of ionizing radiation secondary to computed tomography on the development of neoplasms: A scoping review

Role of Mitochondria in Radiation Responses: Epigenetic, Metabolic, and Signaling Impacts

Low Dose and Non-Targeted Radiation Effects in Environmental Protection and Medicine—A New Model Focusing on Electromagnetic Signaling

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