Ionizing Radiation and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Richardson, David B.; Wing, Steve; Schroeder, Jane C.; Schmitz-Feuerhake, Inge; Hoffmann, Wolfgang

doi:10.1289/ehp.7433

Cited by 84 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Until recently, B-CLL was excluded from consideration in many analyses of leukemias in association with exposure to ionizing radiation. Nevertheless, the question of B-CLL association with exposure to ionizing radiation seems to be worth of further study as several authors having challenged the accepted view that B-CLL is nonradiogenic form of cancer [16] . The delineation of specific B-CLL subtypes with different somatic mutations contributing to the genesis of the disease followed by the analysis of their incidence will undoubtedly clarify this subject.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological Malignancies in Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers (1996-2010)

Gluzman

Sklyarenko²,

Zavelevich³

et al. 2012

J Hemat Malig

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Background: Even 25 years after the Chernobyl catastrophe, the interpretation of the findings on leukemia risk among Chernobyl clean-up workers is still a point of much controversy. Precise diagnosis of the main types of hematopoietic malignancies according to FAB classification and new WHO classification may be helpful in estimating the relative contribution of the radiation factor to the overall incidence of such pathologies. Methods:The data on 295 consecutive cases of malignant tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues in Chernobyl clean-up workers diagnosed from 1996 to 2010 are given in comparison with the data of 2,697 consecutive patients other than clean-up workers of the same age group. For this study, a set of complex diagnostic techniques were used, including morphology, cytochemistry of bone marrow and peripheral blood cells, immunocytochemistry (APAAP, LSAB-AP) as well as the utilization of monoclonal antibodies to lineage specific and differentiation antigens of leukocytes.Results: All the main forms of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues were diagnosed among clean-up workers under study in 10-25 years after the Chernobyl catastrophe including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute leukemias (ALL and AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and other myeloproliferative neoplasms, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and lymphoid neoplasms of B and T cell origin. Among 46 AML cases in clean-up workers, leukemia was preceded by MDS in seven patients. CML percentage tended to be higher in the group of patients representing clean-up workers (9.13% vs. 6.59%). B-CLL was a predominant form of hematopoietic malignancies in clean-up workers under study (26.10%). Nevertheless, the percentage of B-CLL in patients of clean-up workers group did not differ significantly from that in the non-exposed patients. The multiple myeloma percentage in our study was higher in the clean-up workers (6.46% vs. 4.00%). Conclusions:The verified diagnosis of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues according to the up-to-date WHO classification could be prerequisite for further molecular genetics and analytical epidemiology study of leukemias that may be related to the Chernobyl catastrophe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological Malignancies in Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers (1996-2010)

Gluzman

Sklyarenko²,

Zavelevich³

et al. 2012

J Hemat Malig

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“…While a few studies suggest that CLL risk may be affected by radiation exposure (27)(28)(29)(30), a number of others do not (31,32). It is generally believed that radiation has little effect on CLL rates and it is common practice in studies of radiation effects to focus on the risk of leukemia other than CLL.…”

Section: Leukemia Other Than Cll or Atlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hypothesis: Radiation-Related Leukemia is Mainly Attributable to the Small Number of People who Carry Pre-existing Clonally Expanded Preleukemic Cells

Nakamura

2005

Radiation Research

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“…Log(expected number of ALL discharges) = log(total person-time) + intercept + b1*benzene-exposure + b2*female + b3*African American + b4*age2 + b5*income3 + b6*income2 + b7*urban4 + b8*urban3 + b9*urban2 + interactions (2) For HD, we included only people 40 years and older and used the following model:…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cigarette smoking and exposure to ionizing radiation have been shown to cause leukemia in some studies [1][2][3]. Further, leukemia is more common in Caucasians than in AfricanAmericans and more common in males than females [1,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene in the development of hematologic cancers in upstate New York

Boberg

Lessner

Carpenter

2011

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: Epidemiologic studies suggest an association between environmental exposure to benzene and hematologic cancers, but the relationship is not firmly established. The aim of this study was to assess the potential association between residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene and hospitalization discharge rates for persons having hematologic cancers. Materials and Methods: We determined the number of hospital discharges of people with hematologic cancers in New York State except for New York City for the years 1993 to 2008. Descriptive statistics and negative binomial regression models were used to compare the rates of hospitalization of residents in zip codes containing hazardous waste sites containing benzene to the rates of discharges from residents in zip codes without waste sites. Results: When adjusting for potential confounders we found a 15% increase in the rate of hospitalization for chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) [rate ratio (RR): 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.33], a 22% increase in the rate of discharges for total leukemia (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.04-1.43) and a 17% increase in the rate of discharges for total lymphoma (RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.35) in the benzene exposed sites. We found greater effects of exposure in African Americans compared to Caucasians, females compared to males and people with higher socioeconomic status (SES) compared to those with lower SES for several of the diseases studied. Conclusions: After controlling for major confounders we found statistically significant increases in discharge rates for several hematologic cancers in persons residing in zip codes containing benzene waste sites. These results provide additional support for a relationship between environmental exposure to benzene and risk of hematologic cancers.

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Ionizing Radiation and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Cited by 84 publications

References 44 publications

Hematological Malignancies in Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers (1996-2010)

Hematological Malignancies in Chernobyl Clean-Up Workers (1996-2010)

A Hypothesis: Radiation-Related Leukemia is Mainly Attributable to the Small Number of People who Carry Pre-existing Clonally Expanded Preleukemic Cells

The role of residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene in the development of hematologic cancers in upstate New York

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