Ionic liquids as electrolytes for nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis

Vaher, Merike; Koel, Mihkel; Kaljurand, Mihkel

doi:10.1002/1522-2683(200202)23:3<426::aid-elps426>3.0.co;2-8

Cited by 128 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Abraham et al 15 calculated the partition coefficients (log P) of fluoranthene to be 4. 22 Extraction Mode. LPME can be conducted in two modes, direct-immersion and the headspace extraction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ionic Liquids for Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

et al. 2003

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can be formed and survive for a longer extraction time; therefore, a much higher enrichment factor for PAHs can be reached. For low-volatility PAHs, direct-immersion LPME provides higher enrichment factors than that of headspace LPME. However, the enrichment factor obtained by headspace LPME was almost 3-fold of that by direct-immersion LPME in a 30-min extraction of the most volatile PAH, naphthalene. For 30-min directionimmersion LPME of EPA priority PAHs, the enrichment factor, correlation coefficient (R 2 ), and reproducibility (RSD, n ) 5) were in the range of 42-166, 0.9169-0.9976, and 2.8-12%, respectively. Considering that IL can be easily prepared from relatively inexpensive materials and tuned by combination of different anions and cations for task-specific extraction of analytes from various solvent media, this proposed method should have great potentiality in sample preparation. Furthermore, the nonvolatility of IL makes it potentially useful for headspace LPME of volatile analytes.Ionic liquids (IL) are ionic media resulting from combinations of organic cations and various anions. They may be liquids at room temperature. Their use as novel solvent systems for organic synthesis and catalysis has received a good deal of attention. 1 IL have several unique properties that make them useful in a variety of chemical processes. For example, they have no effective vapor pressure, the viscosity and the miscibility in water and other organic solvents can be tuned by changing the combination of different anions and cations of IL, and the preparation is easy from relatively inexpensive materials. 1,2 As a result of these properties, IL is emerging as an alternative recyclable medium for separation. Recently, IL were considered as attractive water-immiscible phases in liquid-liquid extraction. 3-5 IL were also used in organic solvent-supercritical CO 2 biphasic extractions 6-8 and in pervaporation. 4,9 By using two typical IL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate G.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ionic Liquids for Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

et al. 2003

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“…, were tried as electrolyte additives in acetonitrile for separation of water-insoluble dyes [37], phenols and aromatic acids [38], and polyphenols [39]. The nature of the anionic part as well as the IL concentration influences the general electrophoretic mobility of the buffer system.…”

Section: Ce the Miscibility Of Ils With Acetonitrile Makes It Easy Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of ionic liquids in analytical chemistry

Liu

Jönsson

Jiang

2005

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

572

249

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Room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) are gaining wide recognition as novel solvents in chemistry. Their application in analytical chemistry, especially in separating analytes, is merited because ILs have some unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, good thermal stability, tunable viscosity and miscibility with water and organic solvents, as well as good extractability for various organic compounds and metal ions. This review gives a brief overview of the application of ILs in analytical chemistry, including sample preparation, chromatographic/capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation, and detection. ª

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“…The first such kind of application of ILs was demonstrated in (92). In the next study (93,94), 1-alkyl-3-methylimidasoliumbased ILs were used as additives in separation media to assess the interactions between the analytes and the ionic additive present, to find an influence of the type and concentration of the ionic additive, and also to find an influence of the nature of the nonaqueous medium employed. The anionic part as well as the concentration of an IL influenced the general electrophoretic mobility of the buffer system.…”

Section: Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids in Chemical Analysis

Koel

2005

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

Self Cite

326

195

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Room-temperature ionic liquids are salts with a melting point close to or below room temperature. They form liquids composed in the majority of ions. This gives these materials the potential to behave very differently when they are used as solvents compared to conventional molecular liquids. The search for their application is growing in every area of analytical chemistryelectrochemistry, chromatography, electrophoresis, and even mass spectrometry. The literature on ionic liquids is growing almost exponentially. The basis for this activity is the easy preparation of salts with different ion constituents. This ability might best be described as the "chemical tunability" of ionic liquids, a class of solvents with members possessing similar physical properties but having different chemical behavior. Their good solvating properties, together with large spectral transparency, make ionic liquids suitable solvents for spectroscopic measurements. It has been demonstrated that task-specific ionic liquids have advantages compared to common solvents used as separation media in liquid-liquid extraction processes achieving high efficiencies and selectivities of separation. The main advantage for other applications of ionic liquids in analytical chemistry lies in their low volatility which makes them useful as solvents for working in both high-temperature (gas chromatography (GC) stationary phases) and high-vacuum (MALDI matrixes) environments. When using an ionic liquid as an electrolyte medium, it is possible to achieve a broader range of operational temperatures and conditions relative to other conventional electrolytic media, and this makes ionic liquids promising materials in various electrochemical devices (e.g., batteries, fuel cells, sensors, and electrochromic windows).

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Ionic liquids as electrolytes for nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis

Cited by 128 publications

References 7 publications

Use of Ionic Liquids for Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Use of Ionic Liquids for Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Application of ionic liquids in analytical chemistry

Ionic Liquids in Chemical Analysis

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