Ionic Liquid in Phosphoric Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI) as Electrolyte Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells: A Review

Seng, Leong Kok; Masdar, Mohd Shahbudin; Loh, Kee Shyuan

doi:10.3390/membranes11100728

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…The mixture of the acid-base membrane allows for high thermal and chemical stabilities, in addition to a proton conductivity in the same range as, or even higher than, that of Nafion. Among the strong acids, phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) show valuable proton conductivities in both wet and anhydrous forms [24,25]. PBI is known for its high chemical and thermal stability.…”

Section: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Pemfcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on the Use of Ionic Liquids in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2022

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This work provides a comprehensive review on the incorporation of ionic liquid (ILs) into polymer blends and their utilization as proton exchanges membranes (PEM). Various conventional polymers that incorporate ILs are discussed, such as Nafion, poly (vinylidene fluoride), polybenzimidazole, sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone), and sulfonated polyimide. The methods of synthesis of IL/polymer composite membranes are summarized and the role of ionic liquids as electrolytes and structure directing agents in PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs) is presented. In addition, the obstacles that are reported to impede the development of commercial polymerized IL membranes are highlighted in this work. The paper concludes that the presence of certain ILs can increase the conductivity of the PEM, and consequently, enhance the performance of PEMFCs. Nevertheless, the leakage of ILs from composite membranes as well as the limited long-term thermal and mechanical stability are considered as the main challenges that limit the employment of IL/polymer composite membranes in PEMFCs, especially for high-temperature applications.

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Section: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Pemfcs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review on the Use of Ionic Liquids in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2022

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“…Among the cations that can be used for IL design, the 1-n-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ([C n mim]) motif is a common choice and the properties of these ILs relating to the length of the n-alkyl substituent have been thoroughly measured and modeled. Imidazolium ILs have been used as substitutes for conventional organic solvents and have been successfully used in applications including polymer solvation [1], gas separation [2][3][4], metal extraction [5,6], biomaterial preparation [7][8][9] and energy storage including fuel cells [10,11], Li+-ion batteries [11,12] and supercapacitors [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Computational Study of the Properties of Imidazole Compounds with Branched and Cycloalkyl Substituents

Qian

Mileski

Irvin

et al. 2022

Liquids

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N-functionalized imidazole compounds with linear alkyl groups have been widely utilized precursors for imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) while the effects of branched and cycloalkyl substituents on properties of imidazole compounds have not been studied; however, such compounds are just as synthetically accessible as those with linear alkyl groups. In this work, two fundamental properties, density and viscosity, of selected N-functionalized imidazoles bearing iso-propyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl methylcyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, and methylcyclohexyl groups have been measured in the temperature range of 293.15–353.15 K for the guidance of molecular design for future applications. A linear and parabolic model were used for temperature-density correlation while temperature dependence of viscosity was summarized using the Andrade Equation and the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation. In addition to experimental data, density, viscosity, vapor pressure and vaporization of enthalpies of target imidazole compounds were predicted using COSMOtherm calculations and compared with experimental data. It was found that the calculated densities were quite close to the experimental data, while viscosity data, obtained from COSMOtherm, underestimated experimental measurements and a scaling factor provided agreement with experiments. Predictions of vapor pressure were relatively reliable at low temperature, although the difference between experiment and prediction tended to expand with increasing temperature. Variances of vaporization enthalpies were small upon temperature change and a maximum error of ~12.3% was observed for all compounds studied.

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“…Another common polybenzimidazole is poly(2,5‐benzimidazole) (ABPBI), synthesized via a condensation reaction of 3,4‐diaminobenzoic acid with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) or Eaton's reagent 24,25 . Usually, ABPBI membranes are employed as ionic exchange membranes in fuel cells or electrolyzers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polybenzimidazole membrane for efficient copper removal from aqueous solutions

Coppola

Lozano

Contin

et al. 2022

Polymer International

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Thin films of poly(2,5‐benzimidazole) (ABPBI) polymer were prepared by the casting method, and sorption studies with aqueous CuSO4 solutions were performed. Surface interaction between Cu(II) and the membrane was studied using spectroscopic analysis (Fourier transform infrared, Raman and X‐ray photoelectron), showing a strong interaction through nitrogen groups of ABPBI and Cu(II). The best conditions for Cu(II) uptake were at pH = 5 and a soaking time of 60 min. In these conditions, the sorption isotherm was best fitted by the Langmuir equation and the maximum sorption capacity was estimated to be 1.5 mmol g−1. Due to sorption pH dependency, elution studies using hydrochloric acid solution were carried out, showing an almost complete removal of bonded Cu(II) when immersing the ABPBI membrane in the acidic solution. Surface morphology of membranes was studied using scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, showing no major changes with sorption and elution experiments. These results show that ABPBI can be considered as an alternative polymer for the development of new materials for the removal of heavy metals. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Ionic Liquid in Phosphoric Acid-Doped Polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI) as Electrolyte Membranes for PEM Fuel Cells: A Review

Cited by 26 publications

References 151 publications

A Critical Review on the Use of Ionic Liquids in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

A Critical Review on the Use of Ionic Liquids in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Experimental and Computational Study of the Properties of Imidazole Compounds with Branched and Cycloalkyl Substituents

Polybenzimidazole membrane for efficient copper removal from aqueous solutions

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