Ionic liquid-catalyzed alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene

Yoo, Kyesang; Namboodiri, Vasudevan; Varma, Rajender S.; Smirniotis, Panagiotis G.

doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2003.11.018

Cited by 153 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Some attempts to regenerate the solid catalysts using hydrogen are reported, but the initial activity can not be restored completely during the regeneration process [8,9]. Other alternatives described in literature are highly Brønsted acidic ionic liquids, which are prepared by mixing of Lewis acidic ionic liquids with Brønsted acids in order to provide the catalytic active species [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Furthermore, ionic liquid systems are described in which a strong Brønsted acid is dissolved [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-Phase Isobutane/Butene-Alkylation Using Promoted Lewis-Acidic IL-Catalysts

et al. 2011

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The effect of different promoters on activity and selectivity of Lewis-acidic chloroaluminate ionic liquid catalysts was studied for isobutane/2-butene alkylation. When tert-butyl halides are used as promoters, the active species of the alkylation reaction, which is the tertbutyl cation, is directly generated whereas upon catalysis with Brønsted-acid supported ionic liquids, this species is indirectly provided through a hydride shift between protonated 2-butene and isobutane. Experimental results both from batch and continuously operated liquid phase alkylation reactors indicate, that tert-butyl halides are able to speed up the reaction rate significantly and shift the C 8 -selectivity towards the desired high-octane trimethylpentanes (TMPs). However, secondary reactions like oligomerization and cracking could not be suppressed by the use of this additives and high deactivation rates in continuous opperation were observed. Suggestions are made, how the product composition is effected by the additive and how the promoted IL-catalyst system is deactivated with time on stream.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-Phase Isobutane/Butene-Alkylation Using Promoted Lewis-Acidic IL-Catalysts

et al. 2011

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“…특히 IL은 유기 양이온과 무기 음이온의 구조를 변화시킴으로 서 물리화학적 특성을 조절할 수 있고, 유기 화합물의 반응에 촉매로 적용 할 때, 분리가 용이하여 재활용할 수 있다는 장점을 가진다 [12]. 이러한 배 경에서 IL은 alkylation [13,14], dimerization [15,16], Diels-Alder reaction [17], Friedel-Crafts reaction [12] 등에서 적용 연구가 보고되고 있다. …”

Section: 서 론 1)unclassified

A Study on the Reaction Pathway for Isomerization of Tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene Using Ionic Liquid Catalyst

Kim

Han²,

Jeon³

et al. 2015

Applied Chemistry for Engineering

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The kinetic behavior of tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene (THTCPD) isomerization was studied by using two kinds of chloroaluminate ionic liquid (IL) catalyst with different Lewis acidity. THTCPD isomerization pathway was discussed under the different temperature and time as reaction parameters using IL catalysts consisting of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolun chloride (BMIC)/AlCl3 with low acidity and pyridine hydrochloride (PHC)/AlCl3 with high acidity. The conversion of THTCPD isomerization increased with increasing Lewis acidity of IL catalyst. The THTCPD isomerization pathway changed as a function of reaction temperature and catalyst acidity. In the case of BMIC/AlCl3 IL catalyst, THTCPD isomerization pathway was similar to that of using conventional AlCl3 catalyst. However, two different types of additional pathways (endo, exo, endo-NB → exo, exo, endo-NB → exo, exo, exo-NB and endo, exo, endo-NB → exo, exo, endo-NB → exo, exo, exo-CP) were appeared when using PHC/AlCl3 IL catalyst.

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“…Many efforts have been made to introduce new developments relating to established technologies and properly new technologies (Hommeltoft, 2001) and other catalysts have been evaluated as alternative for this process, such as solid materials like zeolites and Lewis and Brønsted acid in different solid supports (Feller et al, 2003, Platon & Thomson, 2005, Thompson & Ginosar, 2005, Guzmán et al, 2006, heteropolyacids (Zhao et al, 2000) and Nafion silica nanocomposite , a-b. Shen et al, 2010 (Chauvin et al, 1994), but after this first effort several paper describing the application of supported and non-supported ILs catalysts have been published , Yoo et al, 2004 Figure 11) in a ratio 22:1 of HF:pyridine can be advantageously applied in alkylation process representing environmentally benign and safer conditions readily adaptable to the existing refinery alkylation units (Olah et al, 2005).…”

Section: Ionic Liquids As Catalyst Of Alkylation Gasolinesmentioning

confidence: 99%