“…Neurones, like other cells, adopt two primary methods to regulate their pHi: immediate chemical buffering of H+ and the transmembrane movement of protons or the acid-base equivalent of other ions. Although there have been several recent studies of pH regulation in mammalian neurones (Tolkovsky & Richards, 1987;Gaillard & Dupont, 1990;Raley-Susman, Cragoe, Sapolsky & Kopito, 1991;Pocock & Richards, 1992;Schweining & Boron, 1994), there has been only one systematic study of proton buffering and its variation with pHi (Katsura, Mellergard, Theander, Ouyang & Siesjo, 1993). This information is required to permit calculation of the quantities of acid equivalents transported during pH regulatory processes, which, in the CNS, is further complicated by the diversity of cell types.…”